BACKGROUND The association between nodal ratio and survival has not been assessed in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. METHODS This is a population-based analysis, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results database, to determine whether nodal ratio impacts survival in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS Between 1988 and 2005, 2955 new diagnose...

BACKGROUND Nodal, a TGF-β-related embryonic morphogen, is involved in multiple biologic processes. However, the expression of Nodal in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its correlation with tumor angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and prognosis is unclear. METHODS We used real-time PCR and Western blotting to investigate Nodal expression in 6 HCC cell lines and 1 normal liver c...

INTRODUCTION One of the main questions in the field of developmental biology is how are multiple developmental cues integrated stepwise with the transcriptional regulation of cell fate decisions. To date, a large number of cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) have been identified by promoter/enhancer analyses in many organisms, and conceptual gene regulatory networks have been created for various deve...

In the maximum flow network interdiction problem, an attacker attempts to minimize the maximum flow by interdicting flow on the arcs of network. In this paper, our focus is on the nodal interdiction for network instead of the arc interdiction. Two path inequalities for the node-only interdiction problem are represented. It has been proved that the integrality gap of relaxation of the maximum fl...

This article presents asynchronous collision integrators and a simple asynchronous method treating nodal restraints. Asynchronous discretizations allow individual time step sizes for each spatial region, improving the efficiency of explicit time stepping for finite element meshes with heterogeneous element sizes. The article first introduces asynchronous variational integration being expressed ...

Nodal signaling plays several vital roles in the embryogenesis process. However, its reexpression in breast cancer is correlated with cancer progression, metastasis and poor prognosis. Recently, Nodal has also been reported to regulate self-renewal capacity in pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to explore the role of Nodal in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and the underlying mechanisms. Ther...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In the present study, prognostic values of several CT-based pre-treatment nodal and treatment-related characteristics were evaluated among patients with squamous cell head and neck cancer treated with non-surgical modalities. PATIENTS AND METHODS Included were 79 patients with 210 pathological nodes, who underwent primary irradiation or chemoradiation. Several nodal cha...

BACKGROUND In patients with atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia, modifications of the antegrade atrioventricular nodal function curve caused by catheter ablation of the so-called slow pathway are heterogeneous, but have not yet been systematically evaluated. AIM To test the hypothesis that successful treatment is independent of specific electrophysiological modifications of atrioven...

This paper discusses performance implications of meshing degree (or nodal degree) for optical burst switching (OBS) mesh networks using one-way resource reservation protocols. The analysis is focused on the following topologies: rings, chordal rings with nodal degrees ranging from three to six, mesh-torus, NSFNET, ARPANET and the European Optical Network (EON). It is shown that the largest noda...

In this paper we analyze a greedy procedure to approximate linear functional defined in reproducing kernel Hilbert space by nodal values. This computes quadrature rule which can be applied general functionals. For large class of functionals, that includes integration functionals and other interesting cases, but does not include differentiation, prove convergence results for the approximation me...