In the present study, the heterogeneous conversion of nitrogen oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was studied at atmospheric humidity levels on flame soot surfaces treated with gaseous nitric acid (HNO3). In addition, the heterogeneous reaction of HNO3 on soot was investigated at atmospheric humidity. For the treatment of soot by pure HNO3 only reversible uptake with a surface coverage of∼1–...

background: expanding cities with rapid economic development has resulted in increased energy consumption leading to numerous environmental problems for their residents. the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between air pollution and mortality rate due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in shiraz. methods: this is an analytical cross‑sectional study in which the corre...

Macroalgae or macrophytes are a heterogeneous assemblage of macroscopic eukaryotes belonging to various evolutionary lineages, which live predominantly in aquatic habitats. They have undifferentiated vegetative bodies organized in pseudoparanchymatous and parenchymatous bodies. As with higher plants, marine macroalgae or seaweeds are photosynthetic species that, by harvesting sunlight energy, c...

Nanowires of various materials and configurations have been shown to be highly effective in the detection of chemical and biological species. In this paper, we report a novel, nanosphere-enabled approach to fabricating highly sensitive gas sensors based on ordered arrays of vertically aligned silicon nanowires topped with a periodically porous top electrode. The vertical array configuration hel...

We evaluated the airway irritation of isoprene, isoprene/ozone, and isoprene/ozone/nitrogen dioxide mixtures using a mouse bioassay, from which we calculated sensory irritation, bronchial constriction, and pulmonary irritation. We observed significant sensory irritation (approximately 50% reduction of mean respiratory rate) by dynamically exposing the mice, over 30 min, to mixtures of isoprene ...

High concentrations of ground-level ozone have a negative impact on human health and the environment, especially in urban places. Detailed knowledge on the effects of nitrogen dioxide on the ozone seasonal pattern is convenient to prevent these undesirable effects. Thus, the joint multifractal approach has been used to complete the information provided by descriptive statistics. The joint multi...

BACKGROUND Ocular mucosa is exposed constantly to the external environment, and chronic exposure to air pollution may affect the ocular surface. OBJECTIVE We assessed the effect of air pollution on the ocular surface by combining determinations of individual exposure and conjunctival impression cytology. METHODS A panel study was conducted with 29 volunteers recruited in two locations with ...

Indoor chemistry may be initiated by reactions of ozone (O3), the hydroxyl radical (OH), or the nitrate radical (NO3) with volatile organic compounds (VOC). The principal indoor source of O3 is air exchange, while OH and NO3 formation are considered as primarily from O3 reactions with alkenes and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), respectively. Herein, we used time-averaged models for residences to predic...

AIMS To investigate whether infants who died of SIDS were more likely to have higher acute and lifetime average exposures to outdoor carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) than comparison healthy infants. METHODS A total of 169 case and 169 matched control infants born between 1988 and 1992, were studied. CO and NO2 concentrations, averaged for all days within the infant's lifespan, ...