Heavy metals in sediments have received increasing attention in recent years, partly because of the growing scientific and public awareness of environmental issues, and partly because of the improvement in the analytical techniques for accurately measuring their concentrations. Trace metal determinations in soils and sediments commonly involve some type of mineral acid extraction (wet oxidation...

In the UREX+ process, acetohydroxamic acid is added to the UREX step to suppress plutonium extraction. Hydrolysis of acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) produces acetic acid and hydroxyl ammonium nitrate (HAN). The capability to remove acetic acid from aqueous process solutions is desirable as UREX+ flowsheets continue to evolve. Reasons for acetic acid removal include enabling recycle of the nitric aci...

The following review is the second part of a series concerned with direct hydrometallurgical processing nickel sulfide flotation concentrates. In first this series, piloted leaching processes and commercial operations which employed were comprehensively reviewed. Part II laboratory investigations into pressure nickeliferous concentrates are critically analyzed. From review, it apparent that sul...

An accurate method based on combination of microwave assisted digestionsuppressed ion chromatography is proposed for the determination of fluoride and chloride in nuclear grade enriched boron (B10). The digestion of the boron matrix is carried out in closed vessel microwave assisted digestion using hydrogen peroxide and dilute nitric acid. By using the microwave assisted approach, the digestion...

A class of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) that exhibit hypergolic activity toward fuming nitric acid is reported. Fast ignition of dicyanamide ionic liquids when mixed with nitric acid is contrasted with the reactivity of the ionic liquid azides, which show high reactivity with nitric acid, but do not ignite. The reactivity of other potential salt fuels is assessed here. Rapid-scan, Fou...

BACKGROUND Macrophages that uptake modified lipoproteins are activated and may initially behave as endotoxin-stimulated macrophages. This study was undertaken in order to determine whether signal transduction pathways controlling endotoxin-mediated activation may also influence the lipoprotein-mediated activation of macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat peritoneal macrophages were incubated ...

BACKGROUND Skin flap grafting is a popular approach for reconstruction of critical skin and underlying soft tissue injuries. In a previous study, we demonstrated the beneficial effects of two 5α-reductase inhibitors, azelaic acid and finasteride, on tissue survival in a rat model of skin flap grafting. In the current study, we investigated the involvement of nitric oxide and inducible nitric ox...