Frictional resistance is an important counterforce to orthodontic tooth movement during sliding mechanics. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of ceramic bracket and ceramic bracket with metal slot -archwire‐ ligation combinations on “resistance to sliding” during simulated canine retraction on typodont model. The frictional resistance was tested between Ceramic brackets (3MUNITEK...

Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) acts as a check on growth and nutritional status. An increase in sleeping energy expenditure has been proposed as a possible mechanism, but to date, no studies have determined whether energy requirements (total energy expenditure; TEE) are raised in OSAS. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that OSAS is associated with increased TE...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is the most common cause of cryptogenic stroke in patients younger than 55. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been accepted as the reference diagnostic technique. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), TEE and transcranial Doppler (TCD) in the diagnosis and quantification of p...

BACKGROUND Perioperative monitoring of mitral valve (MV) anatomy, function, and pathology is essential for surgical management of different MV disease. AIMS To overcome the several potential pitfalls of two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE) and offline 3D TEE. METHODS Live 3D TEE was used to assess 73 patients (44 men and 29 women) with Carpentier type II MV regurgitatio...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is associated with systemic atherosclerosis and cardioembolic conditions and predicts the risk of recurrent strokes. We sought to establish the relationship between CIMT and cardiovascular sources of embolus (CSE) on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and hypothesized that a noninvasive strategy of CIMT assessment and transthoraci...

AIMS The accuracy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) sizing using three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) compared with the gold-standard multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) remains unclear. We compare aortic annulus measurements assessed using these two imaging modalities. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a single-centre prospective cohort study, includi...

PURPOSE Cisplatin-associated arterial and venous thromboembolic events (TEEs) are becoming an increasing concern. In patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) who are treated using cisplatin-based chemotherapy, we assume that the overall risk of TEEs is high. However, cisplatin-associated vascular toxicity in patients with SCLC has been overlooked to date. The aim of this study was to determi...

BACKGROUND Persistent foramen ovale (PFO) is considered a cause of cryptogenic stroke and a risk factor for neurological events in young patients. The reference standard for identifying a PFO is contrast-enhanced transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of transcranial color Doppler (TCD) and its diagnostic sensitivity compared with TEE. ME...

BACKGROUND The safety and efficacy of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during congenital heart surgery is well established. The economic costs and benefits associated with its routine use in this setting are, however, uncertain. We sought to analyze the impact that routine intraoperative TEE had on echocardiographic costs in the setting of congenital heart surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS A...

Chemomechanical preparation of the root canal includes both mechanical instrumentation and antibacterial irrigation, and is principally directed toward the elimination of micro-organisms from the root canal system. A variety of instruments and techniques have been developed and described for this critical stage of root canal treatment. Since their introduction in 1988, nickel-titanium (NiTi) ro...