Digestion and portal net flux of nutrients were studied in sheep fed twice daily with fresh orchard-grass. Digestive flows were measured in six fistulated sheep using the double-marker technique. Three sheep were fitted with catheters and blood-flow probes, allowing nutrient net flux measurements across the portal-drained viscera (PDV), the mesenteric-drained viscera (MDV) and the rumen. Total ...

Eight crossbred (75% Holstein Friesian) cows in mid-lactation were randomly assigned to a switchback design with a 2x2 factorial arrangement to evaluate two nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) sources (corn meal and cassava chips) with different rumen degradability and used at two levels of NSC (55 vs. 75%) with protein source (supplied by urea in the concentrate mix). The treatments were 1) Low d...

Solid-state fermentation can be used to produce feeds for ruminants, which can provide an enriched population of yeasts to improve ruminal fermentation. Fermentation of apple bagasse was performed to obtain a yeast-rich product, with the objective of isolating, identifying, and characterizing yeast strains and testing their capability to enhance in vitro ruminal fermentation of fibrous feeds. Y...

Background: Malaria is communicable disease that exists worldwide and a cause of morbidity mortality. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence distribution malaria by sex, age groups species in year 2019 suspected malarial population District D.I.Khan, Pakistan.Materials Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted Department Community Medicine, Gomal Medical College, Pakistan from ...

It is well known that dairy cows are fed diets with high fat content, which can adversely affect rumen fermentation. However, whether the effects of content on fermentation related to composition fatty acids (FA) for further study. We explored unsaturated acid (UFA) ratios in vitro rumen, methane concentration and microbial under same levels. The experiment included a low-unsaturated group (LU,...

To identify Kraft liquor effects on spermatogenesis and sperm motility of Caspian kutums by using in vitro culture, the fish testis was incubated with 5, 10 and 15 % (V/V) of liquor for 3 and 6 days. The percentage of motile spermatozoa and its total duration were also measured. Adverse effects on testicular cells were more apparent with the increase of liquor concentrations. The mean size of s...

BACKGROUND Combined treatment with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) and verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely used for patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), although clinical evidence regarding the therapeutic efficacy and safety of such treatment remains lacking. DESIGN/METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of previously reported stu...