Hutchins, Yuan, M., and Santangelo (2015) proposed the Relative Citation Ratio (RCR) as a new field-normalized impact indicator. This study investigates the RCR by correlating it on the level of single publications with established field-normalized indicators and assessments of the publications by peers. We find that the RCR correlates highly with established field-normalized indicators, but th...

Design for civic participation in the “smart” city requires examination of the algorithms by which computational processes organize and present geospatial information to inhabitants. How does awareness of these algorithms positively or negatively affect use? A renewed approach to one popular twentieth-century model for city design reveals potential paths for answering this question. The paper e...

Smart Houses are a prominent field of research referring to environments adapted to assist people in their everyday life. Older people and people with disabilities would benefit the most from the use of Smart Houses because they provide the opportunity for them to stay in their home for as long as possible. In this review, the developments achieved in the field of Smart Houses for the last 16 y...

Duality between the ‘axion’ field a and the antisymmetric tensor field Bμν is traced after a nonperturbative effect, gaugino condensation, breaks the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry a → a + c. Even though the PQ symmetry was at its origin, duality is nevertheless not broken by this effect. Below condensation scale, the axion simply gets a mass, but in the ‘stringy’ version, the Bμν field disappears ...

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................ 360 I. RECENT HISTORY OF SMART GRID ................................... 363 II. CONSUMER-FACING COMPONENTS AND TWO KEY CHALLENGES ......................................................................... 365 A. Physical Components of Consumer-Facing Smart Grid .... 366 B. Demand side benefits enabled b...

With the world’s science and technology becoming more and more mature and perfect, as well as the environment of supporting policy optimized and application prospects become more extensive, new terms, such as, smart earth, smart city, smart scenic spots, smart hotels, smart services, and smart marketing process have swept the world. The era of smart travel has arrived. However, it must be reali...

Treating homes, offices and commercial buildings as intelligently networked collaborations can contribute to enhancing the efficient use of energy. When smart houses are able to communicate, interact and negotiate with both customers and energy devices in the local grid, the energy consumption can be better adapted to the available energy supply, especially when the proportion of variable renew...