The objectives of this prospective, observational study were to determine the current indications of requesting chest radiograph in sick infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the effect of a user-guided request form for chest radiographs of sick infants. During the three-month study period, a total of 423 chest radiographs were requested on 159 sick newborn infants in the intensi...

18 Background 19 Nasal colonization with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) has been 20 described as a risk factor for subsequent systemic infection. In this study, we aimed to 21 evaluate the profile of CoNS isolates colonizing the nares of children admitted to a 22 neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a major city located in central Brazil. 23 Methods 24 We assessed CoNS carriage at a...

Nosocomial infections result in considerable morbidity and mortality among neonates, especially in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Previous studies have found an incidence of nosocomial blood stream infection (NBSI) in NICUs ranging from 5.2 to 30.4%.1 The present study was carried out to investigate the etiology of NBSI in NICU and anti-microbial resistance (AMR) of causative organisms....

A cohort study measured the occurrence and risk factors of nosocomial infections in the neonatal intensive care unit of Abha general hospital, Saudi Arabia. Of 401 neonates who stayed at least 48 hours in the unit, 77 developed infections, a period prevalence of 19.2% and an incidence of 13.7 infections per 1000 patient-days. The most frequent infections were: pneumonia (50.0%), primary bloodst...

This interventional study with historical controls was conducted to study the effect of cephalosporin restriction on the incidence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) gram negative infections in neonates admitted to intensive care unit. All gram negative isolates from the blood were evaluated for beta lactamase production. The incidence of ESBL production was compared before (year 2007) ...

BACKGROUND Preterm neonates undergo many painful procedures as part of their standard care in the neonatal intensive care unit. However, pain treatment is inadequate in many of these routine procedures. In the present study, we investigated the impact and mechanism of combined music and touch intervention (CMT) on the pain response in premature infants. METHODS Sixty-two preterm neonates (ges...

Abnormal heart rate characteristics of reduced variability and transient decelerations are present early in the course of neonatal sepsis. To investigate the dynamics, we calculated sample entropy, a similar but less biased measure than the popular approximate entropy. Both calculate the probability that epochs of window length m that are similar within a tolerance r remain similar at the next ...

Adverse drug reactions have been noted to occur in one of three newborns admitted to intensive care units. The factors associated with adverse drug reactions and the adverse reactions to commonly used medications in neonatal intensive care units are discussed. Methods of preventing or reducing these undesired effects are suggested.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the leading causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units. This review examines the epidemiology and pathogenesis of VAP in neonates as well as the dilemmas faced by caregivers to diagnose and prevent VAP.

BACKGROUND Despite an increasing awareness regarding pain management in neonates and the availability of published guidelines for the treatment of procedural pain, preterm neonates experience pain leading to short- and long-term detrimental effects. OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of use of analgesics in invasive procedures in neonates and the associated pain burden in this population. ME...