In MANET, the multicast routing is considered a non-deterministic polynomial (NP) complexity, it contains assorted objectives and restrictions. issue of quality services (QoS) based upon cost, delay, jitter, bandwidth, are constantly deemed as multi-objective for directing protocols (MR). Conversely, mobile node has finite battery energy lifetime network depends on its energy. Here, MR problem ...

background :although transfusion is a common procedure for treating anemia of prematurity, there is no specific protocol for blood transfusion in premature newborns. so in this study we investigate whether application of a strict protocol has any statistically significant effect on reduction of blood transfusion.   methods : in this study, first group admitted in nicu during 2005 - 2006 and the...

isolation of cell free fetal dna (cffdna) from maternal serum usually leads to very low concentrations of dna impeding further resolving through conventional methods of electrophoresis. although several protocols have been described for capillary electrophoresis (ce) of double stranded dna, they usually need using special polymers or coated capillaries which degrade over time. herein, we propos...

transferrin acts as a vehicle for iron transportation between the absorption, storage and utilization sites in the body and, besides iron, its two highaffinity iron-binding site are capable of binding to 29 other elements. in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, transferrin’s properties are different and close attention to these properties is required. for further investigation for ...

Forest degradation leads to the gradual reduction of forest carbon stocks, function, and biodiversity following anthropogenic disturbance. Whilst tropical is a widespread problem, it currently very under-studied its magnitude extent are largely unknown. This due, at least in part, lack developed tested methods for monitoring degradation. Due relatively subtle ongoing changes associated with deg...