A microneutralization test is described, in which secondary pig thyroid cells are used and end points are determined by hemadsorption with hamster erythrocytes. The method is evaluated and compared with a macromethod, in which the fluorescent-antibody staining technique is applied for reading titers. The micromethod was found to be useful because of its sensitivity and rapidity.

The correlation between the modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis test and the indirect fluorescent-antibody test for detecting rabies virus antibodies in human sera was studied, using as a reference the standard mouse neutralization test. Higher sensitivity was observed with the counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique than with the indirect fluorescent-antibody method. The counterimmunoelectrop...

Use of Marek's disease virus (MDV) in a neutralization test presents several problems, which are described, making this potentially useful test difficult. To obviate these difficulties, a plaque reduction test has been designed based on cross-neutralization of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) by serum-neutralizing MDV. The technique for such a neutralization test is outlined. Kinetics of development of...

INTRODUCTION Avian influenza viruses circulate in bird populations, and it is important to maintain and uphold our knowledge of the viral strains that are currently of interest in this context. Here, we describe the use of hemagglutinin-pseudotype retroviruses based on highly pathogenic influenza viruses for the screening of avian sera for influenza A antibodies. Our aim was also to determine w...

The fluorescent antibody serum neutralization (FASN) test for the detection of antibodies to hog cholera virus was developed utilizing 96-well and Terasaki microplates. This microtechnique, especially when performed in Terasaki plates, offers some advantage if compared with conventional FASN in coverslip cell cultures, being easier and more rapid, saving of reagents and allowing simple microsco...

Two cases of conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 34 (Ad34) are reported. The isolates were identified as Ad34 by the neutralization test and the PCR-sequence method of the hexon gene but as Ad14 by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genome types of these two isolates were identical to that of Ad34a.

In experiments devised to compare the neutralizing action of normal adult human sera on different strains of poliomyelitis virus, and to fill in certain gaps in our series of neutralization tests with different strains of virus on different types of cases in different age groups, we have made the following observations. 1. The difference between two human and two passage strains of the virus wh...

Antibodies are bifunctional molecules, containing a variable Fab domain that mediates binding specificity and a constant Fc domain that bridges antibody-coated targets with FcγR-expressing cells that mediate effector functions. Although traditional mechanisms of antibody-mediated neutralization of microbes have been largely thought to result from Fab-antigen interactions, recent studies suggest...

The specific rate of inactivation of antitoxin in urea solutions, as measured by the Römer neutralization test with toxin, has been shown to be independent of the concentration of protein under the conditions studied. The amount of precipitate obtained in the quantitative precipitation test with toxin, however, increases greatly with increasing protein concentration during denaturation. The tim...

BACKGROUND Induced abortion is not only a serious threat for women's health, but also a controversial topic for its ethical and moral problems. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between neutralization techniques and attempting to commit abortion in married women with unintended pregnancy. METHODS After in-depth interviews with some women who had attempted abortion, neutralization themes w...