Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) constitute an interesting cellular source to promote brain regeneration after neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, several studies suggested that oxygen-dependent gene expression is of crucial importance in governing the essential steps of neurogenesis such as cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. In this context, we analysed the ef...

The human brain is a highly complex system comprised of billions cells, called neurons, that are all interconnected. Normal function depends on effective communication between which requires signals to travel down nerve cell and then over the next it connected to. Several diseases result from impairments in why important study these living brain. Since difficult study, scientists use simpler or...

X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder characterized by lower motor neuron degeneration. SBMA is caused by polyglutamine repeat expansions in the androgen receptor (AR). To determine the basis of AR polyglutamine neurotoxicity, we introduced human AR yeast artificial chromosomes carrying either 20 or 100 CAGs into mouse embryonic stem cells. Th...

An animal neural system ranges from a cluster of few neurons to brain billions. At the lower range, it is possible test each neuron for its role across set environmental conditions. However, higher range requires another approach. One method disentangle organization neuronal network. In case entorhinal cortex in rodent, cells involved spatial location activate regular grid-like arrangement. The...

In vitro derivation of germ cells from different stem cells sources has been challenging in the treatment of male infertility. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have an essential role in gene expression at post-transcriptional level. The aim of this research was to find more about miRNA-17 and miRNA-146 expression during differentiation of spermatogonial stem cell like cells (SSC like cells) from mouse bone m...