Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks (Ud-HetNets) have been put forward to improve the network capacity for nextgeneration wireless networks. However, counter to the 5G vision, ultra-dense deployment of networks would significantly increase energy consumption and thus decrease network energy efficiency suffering from the conventional worst-case network design philosophy. This problem becomes part...

a design discharge is an important issue in the design process of pressurized irrigation networks. underestimating the desing discharge affect, the required pressure and offtake discharge, increase the cost of the network. because of the lack of a standard and reliable method for this propuse, usually different approches are used by designers. the network fails to provide the required flow rate...

Current network modeling practices usually assess the network performance at specified time interval, i.e. every 5 or 10 years time horizon. Furthermore, they are usually based on partially predictable data, which are being generated through various stochastic procedures. In this research, a new quantitative based methodology which combines combinatorial optimization modeling and transportation...

A new class of applications with stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements on communication (e.g., bandwidth, delay) are being made possible by the advent of high-speed networks. End-to-end communication performance is largely determined by a variety of factors, such as the underlying network technology, the end-host operating system, and the interface between the host and the network. As...

social network analysis used to study the relationship between stakeholders and actors in natural resource management has become a scientific approach. the purpose of this study was analysis of information exchange network among organizations engage in the sustainable management of natural resources. results of social network analysis revealed that there is weak relationship among organizations...

designing wireless sensor networks should meet appropriate parameters such as quality of service (qos) defined by different users. the variable physical conditions of the environment, processing and transmission power limitations and limited communication capabilities are the most important obstacles that influence qos parameters such as throughput, delay, reliability and network lifetime. the ...

Ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) is one of the candidate solutions for 6G green internet things (IoT) network. However, uncontrollability radio frequency (RF) environment main obstacles hindering popularization AmBC. The intelligent reflective surface (IRS) can improve by adjusting phase and amplitude incident signal, which provides possibility widespread deployment Currently, there no ...