CONTEXT Facial palsy is a common problem encountered in clinical practice. These patients suffer serious functional, cosmetic & psychological problems with impaired ability to communicate. Functional problems around the eye are usually a first priority for the patient with facial palsy.The nerve to masseter as a direct nerve transfer to the zygomatic branch of facial nerve to reinnervate viable...

OBJECT Loss of biceps muscle function is a significant disability after brachial plexus root avulsion injuries. Nerve grafting techniques to reestablish anatomical and functional continuity between the spinal cord and the avulsed root have not proven successful. Using nerve transfers for functional restoration of root avulsion injuries appears to be effective and has physiological advantages fo...

background: maggot therapy has recently attracted considerable attention as an emerging debridement technique for wound healing. this study aimed to review the safety, effectiveness and economic evaluations of maggot debridement therapy for wound healing.   methods: to retrieve the relevant evidences, the cochrane library (until september 2014) was searched by appropriate keywords, using free t...

Traumatic axillary nerve injury represents less than 1% of all nerve injuries.It is often subclinical because it is masked by the pain due to a shoulder fracture or dislocation, so that treatment is neglected for a long period. When nerve repair and physiotherapy are unsuccessful, trapezius tendon transfer may be considered. Between March 2008 and May 2009, 10 patients with neglected deltoid pa...

BACKGROUND In treating patients with brachial plexus injury, there are no comparative data on the outcomes of nerve grafts or nerve transfers for isolated upper trunk or C5-C6-C7 root injuries. The purpose of our study was to compare, with systematic review, the outcomes for modern intraplexal nerve transfers for shoulder and elbow function with autogenous nerve grafting for upper brachial plex...

Background: Nerve recovery after a complex trauma is affected by many factors and poorly vascularized bed often the cause of failure perineural scar. Many techniques have been devised to avoid this problem possibility transfer nerve with surrounding viable sliding tissue could help in purpose; Methods: We performed an anatomic study on 8 injected specimens investigate raise medial sural artery ...

Vasoconstrictor intensities of renal sympathetic nerve stimulation elevate the renal arterial pressure threshold for steady-state stepwise autoregulation of renal blood flow. This study examined the tonic effect of basal renal sympathetic nerve activity on dynamic autoregulation of renal blood flow in rats with normal (Sprague-Dawley and Wistar-Kyoto) and increased levels of renal sympathetic n...