Monitoring cyclosporine therapy is required by the narrow therapeutic index, high pharmacokinetic variability, the increased risk of drug interactions CYP 3A4dependent and nephrotoxicity of the substance substance. The controversies raised by clinical practice are the best time of sampling, the analytical methods used and the feasibility of the pharmacokinetic models to estimate the useful conc...

The clinical utility of cisplatin is limited by nephrotoxicity. Oh et al. report that β-lapachone prevents this nephrotoxicity but not cisplatin's cytotoxicity for cancers. In addition to its potential clinical importance, the beneficial effect of β-lapachone on cisplatin acute kidney injury may illustrate fundamental processes that ordinarily link alterations in nutrient availability and intra...

Though tacrolimus-induced nephrotoxicity and hyperkalemia are well known, severe symptomatic hyponatremia is not commonly documented with its use. Here, we report a case of severe symptomatic hyponatremia in a renal transplant recipient on tacrolimus despite normal tacrolimus trough level. All other potential causes of hyponatremia were ruled out in this patient. This case highlights an uncommo...

The use of the antiretroviral drug tenofovir has been associated with nephrotoxicity. However, the overall impact of this adverse effect has not comprehensively evaluated. Some researchers have reported that it is quite severe to warrant monitoring for renal toxicity, while others have concluded that the magnitude may not be that significant. We report two clinical cases seen in our renal clini...

objective(s):gentamicin sulphate (gs) nephrotoxicity seems to be related to the generation of reactive oxygen species. there is evidence that oxygen preconditioning increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes. materials and methods: forty eight female rats were divided into 6 groups (n=8) as follows: group 1 was the control, group 2 received daily gs, groups 3,4 and 5 received oxygen 2 hr/day...

background: gentamicin (gm) is one the aminoglycoside antibiotics which isroutinelyused to treatinfections gram-negative, either alone or insynergistic withbeta-lactamantibioticsused. however, frequent useleads toserious side effectssuch asrenal toxicity, ototoxicity. coenzyme q10 has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties. according to these properties of coenzyme q10 and t...

hydrogen sulfide (h2s) prevents and treats a variety of disorders via its cytoprotective effects. however, the effects of h2s on rats with cisplatin (cp) nephrotoxicity are unclear. the aim was to study the effects of h2s on rats with cp nephrotoxicity. thirty male sprague-dawley rats were divided into three groups: control group, nephrotoxic group received single dose of cp (6 mg kg-1) and nep...

background: according benefcial effects of  tribulus terrestris  (tt) extract on  tissue damage, the present study investigated the infuence of hydroalcoholic extract of tt plant on cisplatin (cis) (ebewe pharma, unterach, austria) induced renal tissue damage in male mice. methods: thirty mice were divided into five groups (n = 6). the first group (control) was treated with normal saline (0.9% ...

background & objectives: the present investigation was designed to evaluate the post-treatment properties of the hydroalcoholic fruit extract of cassia fistula (golden shower tree) in male albino mice. materials & methods: biomarkers and histological liver and kidney alterations, aspartate aminotransferase (ast), alanine aminotransferase (alt), alkaline phosphatase (alp), γ-glutamyl tra...

background: all the three nitric oxide synthase (nos) isoforms are presented in the kidney. some data provided evidences that enos activity leads to restoration of renal function after injury, but activation of inos aggravates renal failure. in the present study, we investigated that whether in gentamicin-induced renal failure selective inos blockade is beneficial. materials and methods: four g...