We suggest to test the premise of “macroscopic local realism” which is sufficient to derive Bell inequalities when measurements of photon number are only accurate to an uncertainty of order n photons, where n is macroscopic. Macroscopic local realism is only sufficient to imply, in the context of the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument, fuzzy “elements of reality” which have a macroscopic...

The paper discusses major implications of high energy physics for the scientific realism debate. The first part analyses the ways in which aspects of the empirically well-confirmed standard model of particle physics are relevant for a reassessment of entity realism, ontological realism and structural realism. The second part looks at the implications of more far-reaching concepts like string th...

This paper describes three varieties of realism that need to be considered in evaluating computer graphics images and defines the criteria that need to be met if each kind of realism is to be achieved. The paper introduces a conceptual framework for thinking about realism in images, and describes a set of research tools for measuring image realism and assessing its value in graphics applications.

OBJECTIVES To determine the average facial proportions of the African American man and compare results with the neoclassical canons of facial proportions and the standard for the North American white man. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS Photographs and anthropometric measurements of the face were taken of 109 men of African American descent aged between 18 and 30 years, and results w...

M ainstream economists—Neoclassicals, in the narrow sense—have from time to time remarked on Israel Kirzner’s theory of entrepreneurship. They have maintained that Kirzner says things that do not fit into normal economic theory, that conflict with normal theory, that are too speculative to entertain, and that contradict other things he says. Their criticisms tell us why Kirzner is rebuffed by t...

Moral disagreement is widely held to pose a threat for metaethical realism and objectivity. In this paper I attempt to understand how it is that moral disagreement is supposed to present a problem for metaethical realism. I do this by going through several distinct (though often related) arguments from disagreement, carefully distinguishing between them, and critically evaluating their merits. ...