Void-free Cu electrodeposition in high aspect ratio features requires, at a minimum, an additive package containing micromolar halide and polyether that combine to form co-adsorbed adlayer inhibits metal deposition on the electrode interface. Successful feature filling relies preferential growth proceeding from most recessed surfaces where sustained breakdown of polyether-halide suppressor laye...

Abstract To extend the Moore’s law in 5 nm node, a large number of two dimensional (2D) materials and devices have been researched, among which ‘cold’ metals 2H MS 2 (M = Nb, Ta) with unique band structures are expected to achieve sub-60 mVdec ?1 subthreshold swing (SS). We explored electronic properties ballistic quantum transport performance corresponding MOSFETs idealized structures. The stu...

Telomere regression has been shown to be associated with several complex disorders like diabetes mellitus, cancer, cataract etc. Diabetic retinopathy develops as a complication of chronic hyperglycemia leading to increased oxidative stress that may potentially lead to shortening of telomeres. We sought to determine whether there is any association between telomere mean length (TML) of periphera...

We calculate the QCD factors a1 and a2, entering the tests of factorization in nonleptonic heavy meson decays, beyond the leading logarithmic approximation in three renormalization schemes (NDR, HV, DRED). We investigate their μ–dependence and the renormalization scheme dependence. We point out that a1 for B-decays depends very weakly on ΛMS, μ and the choice of the renormalization scheme. For ...

The morphogenesis-related NDR kinase (MOR) pathway regulates morphogenesis in fungi. In spite of the high conservation of its components, impairing their functions results in highly divergent cellular responses depending on the fungal species. The reasons for such differences are unclear. Here we propose that the species-specific connections between cell cycle regulation and the MOR pathway cou...

Purpose. To study whether nurse led same-day review (SDR) after uneventful phacoemulsification can replace next-day review (NDR) in terms of safety and efficacy. Setting. Patients are recruited from an ophthalmology outpatient clinic in Hong Kong. Design. A prospective, randomized crossover study conducted from November 2012 to 2014. Methods. Inclusion criteria include cataract surgery naïve pa...

Nuclear Dbf2-related (NDR) protein kinases are essential components of regulatory pathways involved in cell morphogenesis, cell cycle control, and viability in eukaryotic cells. For their activity and function, these kinases require interaction with Mob proteins. However, little is known about how the Mob proteins are regulated. In Candida albicans, the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) Cdc28 and t...

Objectives. We investigated the relationship between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Methods. This was a cross-sectional study of 689 patients (406 men and 283 women) with type 2 diabetes who were admitted to our hospital from 2004 to 2007. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured by an arterial pressure measurement device as PWV/ABI. Diagnosis of...

This paper demonstrates the critical role that Ferroelectric (FE) layer thickness (tFE) plays in Negative Capacitance (NC) transistors connecting device and circuit levels together. The study is done through fully-calibrated TCAD simulations for a 14nm FDSOI technology node, exploring impact of tFE on figures merit n-type p-type devices, voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) noise margin invert...

We discuss in detail the calculation of the leading order QCD corrections to the Effective Hamiltonian which governs b → s γ and b → s g transitions in three different regularization schemes (HV, NDR and DRED). We show that intermediate stages of the calculation do depend on the regularization, but the same scheme independent coefficients can be obtained in all the considered schemes. A detaile...