M itral regurgitation (MR) is today the second most frequent native valve disease in Western countries after aortic stenosis, which justifies the interest in its treatment. Mitral valve surgery, especially valve repair, is the gold standard for treatment of patients with severe symptomatic MR and/or objective signs of left ventricular dysfunction. However, surgery may be high risk or even contr...

Background Despite extensive pre-procedure evaluation, greater than mild paravalvular leak (PVL) occurs in over 10% of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and is associated with worse outcomes. Echocardiography, the standard method of imaging PVL, often has limited utility due to frequently multiple eccentric regurgitant jets. Acoustic shadowing from the valve sten...

however, the conventional gold recovery process is cyanidation, due to the recent environmental laws; researchers are looking for alternative methods for the recovery of gold. furthermore, the copper anode slime is one of the most important secondary sources of gold (about 1200 ppm). so, the main objective of the current work is gold separation from copper anode slime as a rich secondary source...

The fluxless solderability of pure indium on gold-coated surfaces is investigated in this study using measurements of wetting angle and joint strength. This study focuses on the effects of indium s native oxides and those which form during heat treatment. The initial oxide thicknesses are obtained by heating indium samples at various temperatures, and then, during the reflow above the melting t...

Coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG) is a revascularization procedure which reduces myocardial ischemia and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in selected patients; however, up to 40% of saphanous vein grafts may degenerate over 10 years. Although coronary angiography is the gold standard to detect graft patency and native vessel disease, sometimes it is difficult to locate the grafts resul...

Since Neer's early work in the 1950s shoulder arthroplasty has evolved as a treatment option for various glenohumeral joint disorders. Both hemiarthroplasty and total shoulder prostheses have associated problems. This has led to further work with regards to potential resurfacing, with the aim of accurately restoring native proximal humeral anatomy while preserving bone stock for later procedure...