Data on the content of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) in oil shale industry wastewater, the effectiveness of various effluent treatment processes (evaporation, extraction with butyl acetate, trickling filters, aeration tanks) in reducing the level of BP in oil shale wastewater, the level of BP in various bodies of water of Estonia, and in fish and other water organisms are reviewed. The quantitative deter...

Oil is a kind of basic energy and has close relationship with the financial markets. Russia world crude oil exporter, whose rich resources make country tend to invest in industry policies for it. This led fact that its national economic structure too simplified economy heavily dependent on industry. The total exports each year account up forty percent fiscal revenues. characteristics fluctuatio...

With the oil and gas industry growing rapidly, increasing the yield and profit require advances in technology for cost-effective production in key areas of reservoir exploration and in oil-well production-management. In this paper we review our group's research into fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and their applications in the oil industry, especially in the well-logging field. FBG sensors used for...

Several issues, ranging from sustainability to health, may interest the consumers in the corn content of their food. However, because restaurants are excluded from the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990, national chain restaurants provide nonspecific ingredient information and small businesses supply none. We measured the carbon isotope composition of fry oil in French fries purchased...

Potato is the raw food material that has been used the most in frying operations due to the high demand of consumers all over the world. Detection of high concentrations of acrylamide in heated starch rich foodstuffs, such as potato, by the Swedish National Food Administration in April 2002 attained public concern because this product is a suspected human carcinogen. Maillard reaction is sugges...

After the grounding of the Exxon Valdez and its subsequent oil spill, all parties with interests in Prince William Sound (PWS) were eager to prevent another major pollution event. While they implemented several measures to reduce the risk of an oil spill, the stakeholders disagreed about the effectiveness of these measures and the potential effectiveness of further proposed measures. They forme...

The cost of chemicals prohibits many technically feasible enhanced oil recovery methods to be applied in oil fields. It is shown that by-products from oil palm processing can be a source of valuable chemicals. Analysis of the pyrolysis oil from oil palm shells, a by-product of the palm oil industry, reveals a complex mixture of mainly phenolic compounds, carboxylic acids, and aldehydes. The phe...

Spent bleaching clay from the oil refining industry was subjected to heat regeneration in a box furnace with air. The heat reactivation was conducted without previous extraction of residual oil and with previous extraction of oil using organic solvent. The experimental temperature ranged from 723 at 873 K. A model for the kinetic of thermal reactivation of spent adsorbent has been proposed. The...

One of the major challenges in petroleum industry is producing residual oil from underground. One of the major techniques for enhancing oil recovery (EOR) is using gas injection. However, gas has poor volumetric sweep efficiency, this is attributed to its high mobility which considers to be higher compared with oil and water mobility. Several techniques are proposed and applied for reducing gas...

Introduction Squalane (C30H62) is widely used in cosmetic products due to its high skin hydrating capability. On an industrial scale squalane is obtained by hydrogenation under high pressure of its natural precursor molecule squalene, which is also used in personal care products such as skin moisturizers. Squalene is derived from two main natural sources, shark liver oil and vegetable oils, e.g...