We consider an ideal gas of infinitely rigid rods near a perfectly repulsive wall, and show that the interfacial tension of a surface with rods on one side is lower when the surface bends towards the rods. Surprisingly we find that rods on both sides of surfaces also lower the energy when the surface bends. We compute the partition functions of rods confined to spherical and cylindrical open sh...

Scrapie prion infectivity can be enriched from hamster brain homogenates by using limited proteolysis and detergent extraction. Purified fractions contain both scrapie infectivity and the protein PrP 27-30, which is aggregated in the form of prion rods. During purification, PrP 27-30 is produced from a larger membrane protein, PrPSc, by limited proteolysis with proteinase K. Brain homogenates f...

Amphibians are unusual among vertebrates in having two spectral classes of rod photoreceptors, unique amphibian "green" rods and typical vertebrate "red" rods. Although amphibians have been the subject of extensive research on visual function, it is not known whether possession of two classes of rods is a general feature of Amphibia, nor is it clear to what behaviors each class of rods contribu...

We investigate ordering of granular rods in a container subject to vibrations in a gravitational field as a function of number density of the rods. We study rods with three different length to diameter aspect ratios A(r)= 5, 10, and 15. The measurements are performed in three dimensions using x-ray computer tomography to visualize the rods in the entire container. We first discuss a method to e...

nowadays, the use of innovative nano-technology in the food industry quality control has significantly increased and it is widely employed in numerous fields such as diagnosis of microbial toxin of foods using nano-biosensors, increasing food shelf-life with the help of nano-clay and nano-silver packaging, as well as changing some of the unpleasant organoleptic properties such as taste, color, ...

2.2. Assembly Strategies 139 2.2.1. Linear Assembly 139 2.2.2. Convergent Assembly 139 2.2.3. Elaborative and Mixed Assembly Strategies 139 2.2.4. Native Ligation Assembly 140 3. Chemical Glycoprotein Synthesis 143 3.1. Indiscriminate Convergent Glycosylation 143 3.2. Chemoselective and Site-Specific Glycosylation 145 3.3. Site-Selective Glycosylation 147 3.4. Native Ligation Assembly 151 4. En...

We discuss the applicability of the Linear Sampling Method (LSM) to GPR surveys carried out using array-based configurations. Since the images achieved via LSM are known to get worse when using a small number of antennas and a limited aperture, we introduce an analytic tool to foresee the expected LSM performance for a fixed array size and number of antennas. Notably, such a tool allows us to s...

The current paper examines the effects of zinc oxide nanostructure configurations, as photo-anode formations organic solar cells, on performance power conversion. To this end, some experiments were conducted during which a near band edge emission red shift ~ 0.11 eV from nanoparticles to vertically oriented nano-rods was observed. This bandgap narrowing promotes transferring photo-excited elect...