Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the neuropathology associated with status epilepticus (SE) and is implicated in the development of epilepsy. While excitotoxic mechanisms are well-known mediators affecting mitochondrial health following SE, whether hyperactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) also contributes to SE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction remains to be ex...

Smart system employed CO2 gas as new trigger has been attracting enormous attention in recent years, but few monomers that are capable of switching their hydrophobicity/hydrophility upon CO2 stimulation have been reported. A novel CO2 responsive monomer, 4-vinylbenzyl amidine, is designed and synthesized in this work with N,N-dimethylacetamide dimethyl acetal and 4-vinylbenzyl amine that is pre...

The concentration dependence of the C=O stretching (νC=O) band of N,N’-dimethylacetamide (NdMA) in cyclohexane, n-hexane, and CCl4 has been investigated by infrared (IR) and polarized Raman spectroscopy. For the neat liquid of NdMA, the noncoincidence of the anisoand isotropic Raman wavenumbers is evident. In the 0.47 M cyclohexane solution of NdMA, the noncoincidence effect almost disappears a...

The present work describes an investigation concerning the acetylation of celluloses extracted from short-life-cycle plant sources (i.e. sugarcane bagasse and sisal fiber) as well as microcrystalline cellulose. The acetylation was carried out under homogeneous conditions using the solvent system N,Ndimethylacetamide/lithium chloride. The celluloses were characterized, and the characterizations ...

A sterically stabilized aqueous suspension of "charge-free" cellulose nanowhiskers was prepared by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of cotton powders and subsequent surface grafting of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG). The preparation scheme included carboxylation of the terminal hydroxyl groups in mPEG via oxidation with silica gel particles carrying 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-pyperidinyloxyl (...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibronectin (FN) in rat mesangial cells (RMCs). METHODS Followed by serum starvation for 16 h, RMCs were exposed to Ang II for an indicated time to examine the protein expression of PARP-1. The cells were treated with or without Ang II...

Angiogenesis-related treatments have a broad spectrum of potential applications ranging from cancer to macular degeneration, to wound healing. Thus, the identification of pharmacological agents that modulate new blood vessel formation has attracted much attention. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor PJ-34 [N-(6-Oxo-5,6-dihydro-ph...

The ultrafast rotational-diffusive dynamics of the peptide linkage model compounds N-methylacetamide (NMA), acetamide (Ac), and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) have been studied as a function of temperature using optically heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE) spectroscopy. Both NMA and Ac exhibit a non-Arrhenius temperature dependence of the rotational diffusive relaxation time. By con...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor PJ34 (N-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-phenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide) on myocardial and endothelial function after hypothermic ischemia and reperfusion in a heterotopic rat heart transplantation model. After a 1-hour ischemic preservation, reperfusion was started either after ap...