When building the tree of life, variability of phylogenetic signal is often accounted for by partitioning gene sequences and testing for differences. The same considerations, however, are rarely applied to morphological data, potentially undermining its use in evolutionary contexts. Here, we apply partition heterogeneity tests to 59 animal datasets to demonstrate that significant differences ex...

Objectives: The study was designed to investigate the correlation between myofunctional exercises, including repositioning of the tongue onto the palate and changes in intercanine distance of the upper jaw in non-growing patients. Methods: In this retrospective study a total of 141 women and men above the age of 18, treated by the Coulson Institute of Orofacial Myology, with no simultaneous ort...

OBJECTIVE To provide evidence-based guidelines to general neurologists for the assessment of patients with pauci- or asymptomatic hyperCKemia. BACKGROUND Recent epidemiologic studies show that up to 20% of 'normal' individuals have an elevated creatine kinase activity in the serum (sCK). The possibility of a subclinical myopathy is often raised, and patients may be unnecessarily denied treatm...

5 Three ways to try and heal a diseased muscle: macrophages, exon skipping and cell transplantation Eva Galletta (1), Chiara Saletti (1), Sarah Pigozzo (1), Federico Galvagni (2), Chiara Bolego (3), Libero Vitiello (1) (1) Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy; (2) Department of Biotechnology, University of Siena, Italy; (3) Department of Pharmacy, University of Padova, Italy. E-ma...

Introduction: For several years, researchers have been looking for methods to quantify the force or pressure exerted by the tongue. A lot of devices were constructed for this purpose. However, on Speech-Language Pathology clinical practice, tongue force is still evaluated by qualitative methods in which only perception and practical experience are used to classify this force. Quantitative evalu...