Sugarcane is an important sugar and energy crop in the world. Germplasm innovation a significant way to breed breakthrough sugarcane varieties. Modern varieties all contain blood relationship of Saccharum officinarum spontaneum. High results from S. resistance genes In order improve quality, breeders use spontaneum cross obtain hybrid offspring with high resistance. Therefore, authenticity prog...

Ethylnitrosourea mutagenesis of spermatogonial stem cells and a three-generation breeding scheme were used to screen for recessive mutations that cause defects in phenylalanine metabolism leading to elevated serum levels of this amino acid. This paper describes the isolation of such a mutation, hph-1, causing a heritable hyperphenylalaninemia in the neonate and weanling and an inability to effe...

Polymorphisms of the CART gene were investigated by PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis in 540 samples from 10 goat breeds. Ten novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms as well as three microsatellites were detected; a mutation, 77T → C, led to an amino acid change (Leu → Ser). Associations between polymorphic loci and reproductive traits were analyzed in Chuandong White, Guizhou ...

URING 1937 some abnormal chicks appeared among the progenies of two D different breeding pens of our experimental flock of fowls. These chicks showed a close outward resemblance to specimens of the dominant rumpless variation and its intermediate modifications (DUNN 1925; LANDAUER and DUNN 1925; LANDAUER 1928). The simultaneous occurrence of a number of such rumpless birds suggested that we wer...

The biological effects of heavy-ion beam irradiation on cultured tissues of cyclamen were investigated by establishing an irradiation-mediated mutation breeding protocol for producing a new variety of cyclamen. Initially, a callus, a somatic embryo, and a plantlet were irradiated with C ion beam at doses of 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 Gy. Distinct mutants were not obtained in plants regenerated from...

For centuries, the greatest puzzle in biology was how to account for the sheer variety of life. in his 1859 landmark book, On the Origin of Species, charles Darwin (1809–1882) finally supplied an answer: his grand theory of evolution explained how the process of natural selection, acting on the substrate of genetic mutations, could gradually produce new organisms that are better adapted to thei...

Doubled haploid (DH) populations, particularly those from subspecies crosses possessing the wide compatible gene S5n , are important germplasm resources for rice genetic studies and breeding, but their feature and potential have not been fully assessed and explored. In the present study, we produced a DH population from the hybrid of japonica 668B and wide compatible indica T23. Genotyping of t...

A large number of spores from fruiting bodies can lead to allergic reactions and other problems during the cultivation of edible mushrooms, including Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél. A cultivar harboring a sporulation-deficient (sporeless) mutation would be useful for preventing these problems, but traditional breeding requires extensive time and labor. In this study, using a sporeless P. eryngii ...

Maize is an important crop for food, feed, forage, and fuel across tropical and temperate areas of the world. Diversity studies at genetic, molecular, and functional levels have revealed that, tropical maize germplasm, landraces, and wild relatives harbor a significantly wider range of genetic variation. Among all types of markers, SNP markers are increasingly the marker-of-choice for all genom...

Co-evolution between phenotypic variation and other traits is of paramount importance for our understanding of the origin and maintenance of polymorphism in natural populations. We tested whether the evolution of plumage polymorphism in birds of prey and owls was supported by the apostatic selection hypothesis using ecological and life-history variables in birds of prey and owls and performing ...