Mitral regurgitation can result from a variety of anatomical and functional abnormalities and can be the consequence ofseveral disease processes. Clinical recognition of the etiology is most often based on the history, while the functional anatomy of the lesion can occasionally be predicted by certain auscultatory findings. This paper describes a unique anatomical type of mitral regurgitation, ...

A 59-year-old man came to medical attention due to a heart murmur noted approximately 10 years ago. He gave no history of a cardiac murmur as a child. The patient had been asymptomatic in this time period. More specifically, he denied dyspnea on exertion, chest pain, peripheral edema, palpitations, or syncope. The patient was a lifelong nonsmoker, and had no weight loss, fevers, or sweats. A su...

OBJECTIVE To discuss clinical and laboratorial evaluation of heart murmurs in children, an important problem faced by pediatricians in their practice. SOURCES This review was based on a critical analysis of the current literature, as well as pediatrics and pediatric cardiology textbooks, which were found to be an important source of information on the subject. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS It is ...

Case Report A boy of four years was first referred to the school cardiac clinic on account of a murmur heard at a routine examination. He had had pneumonia a year previously. He had not yet begun to talk. On examination at that time there was no cyanosis. A loud systolic murmur, accompanied by a thrill, was heard at the apex. An orthodiagram of the heart shadow showed prominence of the right au...

T HE MURMUR of patent ductus arteriosus is usually considered to be stable, although it may be modified by certain pharmacologic agents.1 2 Absence of the typical duetus murmur has most commonly been ascribed to the presence of relative or absolute pulmonary hypertension;3 4-6 occasionally it is ascribed to heart failure,7 a very small duetus,1' 8 or spontaneous closure of the duetus.7' 9, 1 Sp...

The introduction of radiokymography dates from the pioneer work of Gott and Rosenthal (1912). The modern multiple slit kymograph was developed subsequently by Stumpf and his coworkers (1934), while later studies were made by Faber and Kjaergaard (1936) and Bordet and Fischgold (1937). In an earlier paper one of us (Wood, 1939) described the kymographic patterns that comprise the borders of the ...

BACKGROUND Differentiating innocent cardiac murmurs from murmurs caused by congenital cardiac anomalies can be challenging with auscultation alone in asymptomatic puppies. HYPOTHESIS Plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations and phonocardiograms recorded by an electronic stethoscope can differentiate innocent from pathologic cardiac murmurs. ANIMALS A total...

Phonocardiographic and pathological features of mitral porcine aortic heterograft valve failure are described in 1o patients with rheumatic valvular disease. Six had isolated mitralporcine aortic heterograft valve; 3 also had one in the aortic area; one had this in both mitral and tricuspid areas with an aortic ball valve prosthesis. Allpatients had systolic murmurs at the apex indicative of mi...

BACKGROUND Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCSs) are predisposed to degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) and studies have indicated a genetic cause. ANIMALS A total of 8,860 CKCSs were examined at shows or private clinics from 1991 to 2010. OBJECTIVES To analyze the effects of a breed scheme for CKCS on the age at which a murmur consistent with DMVD was first detected. METHODS The pr...