This study aimed at designing mucoadhesive microemulsion gel to enhance the brain uptake of Ibuprofen through intranasal route. Ibuprofen loaded mucoadhesive microemulsion (MMEI) was developed by incorporating polycarbophil as mucoadhesive polymer into Capmul MCM based optimal microemulsion (MEI) and was subjected to characterization, stability, mucoadhesion and naso-ciliotoxicity study. Brain ...

BACKGROUND Dry mouth is a frequent complaint of adults worldwide. In those who experience dry mouth, therapeutic options include the use of salivary substitutes and sialogogues. METHODS The authors compared the efficacy and safety of mucoadhesive disks (OraMoist, Axiomedic, Zurich; distributed by Quantum Health, Eugene, Ore.) applied three times daily with those of placebo mucoadhesive disks ...

The adhesive properties of certain types of biopolymer can be used to increase the residence time of orally or nasally administered drugs. A fuller understanding of the molecular processes underpinning such 'mucoadhesive' phenomena will help in the optimal design of delivery systems. The interactions involved are, however, less well defined compared with those often encountered in protein-recog...

The goal of the present investigation was to design and evaluate mucoadhesive buccal patches of Ondansetron Hydrochloride (OND) which is used for nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Permeation of OND was calculated ex vivo using porcine buccal membrane. Buccal films were developed by solvent-casting technique using Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose(HPMC E15) ...

Objective: The objectives of the present work were to carry out thiol-modification (i.e., thiolation) fenugreek polysaccharide (FP) and assess synthesized thiolated product (TFP) as a mucoadhesive excipient in designing formulations (metronidazole gels metronidazole buccal discs). Methods: Extracted CG was thiol-modified via an esterification reaction by utilizing thioglycolic acid with acidic ...

Male hypogonadism is characterized by abnormally low serum testosterone levels associated with typical symptoms, including mood disturbance, sexual dysfunction, decreased muscle mass and strength, and decreased bone mineral density. By restoring serum testosterone levels to the normal range using testosterone replacement therapy, many of these symptoms can be relieved. For many years, injectabl...

Buccal delivery involves the administration of the desired drug through the buccal mucosal membrane lining of the oral cavity.The objective of this article is to review buccal drug delivery by discussing the structure and environment of the oral mucosa and highlighting the mechanisms of drug permeation and methodology in evaluating buccal formulations. This review also highlights a brief descri...

There is a requirement for the development of oral dosage forms that are adhesive and allow extended oesophageal residence time for localised therapies, or are non-adhesive for ease of swallowing. This study provides an initial assessment of the in vitro oesophageal retention characteristics of several widely utilised pharmaceutical coating materials. To this end, a previously described apparat...

BACKGROUND The dilution and rapid elimination of topically applied drugs due to the flushing action of saliva is a major difficulty in the effort to eradicate infections of oral cavity. Utilization a proper delivery system for incorporation of drugs has a major impact on drug delivery and such a system should be formulated for prolonged drug retention in oral cavity. OBJECTIVES The aim of the...

Bioadhesion can be defined as the process by which a natural or a synthetic polymer can adhere to a biological substrate. When the biological substrate is a mucosal layer then the phenomena is known as mucoadhesion. The substrate possessing bioadhesive property can help in devising a delivery system capable of delivering a bioactive agent for a prolonged period of time at a specific delivery si...