BACKGROUND Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia and autonomic dysfunction. Pathogenic mechanisms remain obscure but the neuropathological hallmark is the presence of alpha-synuclein-immunoreactive glial cytoplasmic inclusions. Genetic variants of the alpha-synuclein gene, SNCA, are thus strong candidates for g...

In multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), the absence of surrogate endpoints makes clinical trials long and expensive. We aim to determine annualized whole-brain atrophy rates (a-WBAR) in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD), MSA, and PSP. Ten healthy controls, 20 IPD, 12 PSP, and 8 MSA patients were studied using a volumetric MRI technique (SIENA). In controls,...

METHODS One hundred and eighty-one parkinsonian patients were evaluated to determine if urogenital symptoms at presentation to the Neurology clinic can differentiate them as PD or MSA-P. An autonomic questionnaire was used to document urinary and genital symptoms. RESULTS Mean age at presentation and disease duration in PD and MSA-P were similar. Urinary symptoms occurred twice as frequently ...

The objective was to determine the extent to which psychiatric disturbances (especially mood disorders) generally considered poor prognostic factors, are present in patients with striatonigral (SND) type multiple system atrophy (MSA) compared with patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). The Hamilton depression scale (HAM-D), brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), and Unified Parkins...

BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which may be misdiagnosed with atypical conditions such as Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), due to overlapping clinical features. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with a key role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. We hypothesized that identification of a distinct set of circulating miRNAs (cmiRNAs) c...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the variations of coenzyme Q2 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase gene (COQ2) and Japanese patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). METHODS We investigated the genetic variations in exons 1, 2, 6, and 7 of the COQ2 gene in 133 Japanese patients with MSA and 200 controls and analyzed the association between the vari...

Shared address space (SAS) parallel programming models have faced difficulty scaling to large number of processors. Further, although in some cases SAS programs are easier to develop, in other cases they face difficulties due to a large number of race conditions. We contend that a multi-paradigm programming model comprising a distributedmemory model with a disciplined form of shared-memory prog...

Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is essential in phylogenetic, evolutionary and functional analysis. Several MSA tools are available in the literature. Here, we use several MSA tools such as ClustalX, Align-m, T-Coffee, SAGA, ProbCons, MAFFT, MUSCLE and DIALIGN to illustrate comparative phylogenetic trees analysis for two datasets. Results show that there is no single MSA tool that consistentl...

Maxillary sinus augmentation with a lateral approach (MSA) is well-established treatment. In this prospective study, we evaluated risk factors for postoperative bone graft displacement and reported the clinical application of long-term resorbable L-lactic acid/-caprolactone (PLA/PCL) as barrier membrane to cover open window in wall MSA. Twenty-four patients underwent MSA according relevant crit...

This work presents a methodology for designing models in engineering and education fields for verifying the quality assurance conditions. The first model uses matrix structural analysis (MSA) to calculate the expected values for the model. The matrix structural analysis (MSA) uses to design model in engineering field, this helps to expect the values which is the nearest to the real ones. The MS...