PURPOSE To investigate whether the variable forms of putative iron deposition seen with susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) will lead to a set of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion characteristics different than that seen in conventional MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-seven clinically definite MS patients underwent brain scans using magnetic resonance imaging including: pre- and postc...

OBJECTIVE The analysis of the MR phase provides additional information on the tissue microstructure. In multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions phase alterations may reflect different stages of inflammatory activity. Here we investigated lesion morphology in MS patients with short and long disease duration on T2* weighted, phase, magnitude and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) at 7 Tesla (T). MET...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Magnetic susceptibility measured with quantitative susceptibility mapping has been proposed as a biomarker for demyelination and inflammation in patients with MS, but investigations have mostly been on white matter lesions. A detailed characterization of cortical lesions has not been performed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate magnetic susceptibility in both cort...

OBJECTIVES To quantify, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), the tissue damage in lesions and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) from a large cohort of patients with MS and to investigate the magnitude of the correlation between DTI-derived metrics and clinical disability. METHODS Dual-echo and DTI scans were obtained from 78 patients with relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive, or pri...

A prospective clinical study was performed in 32 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) to evaluate the sensitivity of lesion detection and accuracy of lesion localization by neurologic examination, delayed enhanced computed tomography (CT) with a double dose of contrast material, and proton magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. After neurologic examination patients were classified by probability of ...

Axonal degeneration is widespread in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and is considered to be the main pathological correlate of permanent disability in patients. Recent, evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from inflammatory cells drive axonal degeneration in active MS lesions by inducing intra-axonal mitochondrial dysfunction. Besides being a target of exogenous ROS, mi...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune disorder, whose diagnosis and study often relies on the extraction of biomarkers from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Manual segmentation of MS lesions suffers from large intraand inter-rater differences, whereas automatic methods promise reproducibility and enhanced consistency, especially for tracking the disease progress over time. To te...

BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is less common in Asia, including Taiwan, and some characteristics of MS in Asians differ from those of Caucasians. Tumefactive brain lesion is even rarer in MS patients. OBJECTIVE To review patients with tumefactive MS and compare them with those in other studies investigating tumefactive demyelinating lesions and our Taiwanese typical MS patients. METHOD...

Cortical involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) is emerging as an important determinant of disease progression. The mechanisms responsible for MS cortical pathology are not fully characterized. The objective of this study was to assess the role of excitotoxicity in MS cortex, evaluating excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) expression and its relationship with demyelination, inflammation, gl...

The objective was to determine whether the use of intermediate echo times (135 ms) in proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) detects a homogenous pattern in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in HIV-1 infected people, and to confirm the results of previous studies. Six patients infected with HIV-1, with PML established by biopsy, and six healthy age and sex matched volunt...