The global COVID-19 pandemic has brought tremendous momentum to the field of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines. advantages this vaccine platform, such as rapid development and high efficacy, resulted in mRNA vaccines being first approved against COVID-19. Looking forward future vaccines, how can we make even better? While improvements stability formulation cost are inevitable, one main challenges i...

introduction: although extensive research has been conducted on lung cancer markers, a singular clinically applicable marker has not been found yet. the objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and the specificity of carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) mrna and lung-specific x protein (lunx) mrna biomarkers in peripheral blood to detect lung cancer individually and simultaneously. met...

it is now well established that the type la of serine/threonine protein phosphatases (pp1α) may be implicated in malignant phenotype. although the pp1α mrna level increased in livers at preneo-plastic stages of hepatocarinogenesis and all of examined rat ascites hepatomas, unexpectedly, dra-matically decreased in some of primary hepatomas. in order to elucidate the low level of pp1α mrna in som...

the effects of chronic stress and glucocorticoids receptor antagonist (ru486) on expression of melanocortin 4 receptor (mc4r) mrna in arcuate nucleus (arc) of male rats were evaluated. in this study, adult male sprague dawley rats were placed into four groups (n=6/group) stress, ru486, stress/ru486, and control groups. in stress group, the rats were restrained, 1 h/day, for 12 days. in ru486 gr...

the siberian sturgeon (acipenser baerii) is an economically important species. sturgeon stockassessment during fingerling production is considered to be one of the most difficult phases ofhatchery rearing. the present study investigated the expression of growth hormone (gh)mrna in unfertilized eggs, fertilized eggs, eyed eggs (2 day before hatching), non-viable eggsand newly-hatched siberian st...

discussions in comparison to the control of wy14643, sandoz58-035, c9 and t11-cla, epa increased the pparα mrna levels (p = 0.024, p = 0.041, p = 0.043, and p = 0.004, respectively), even though, la had no significant effect on the pparα mrna expression (p = 0.489). materials and methods this experimental study investigated the effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-cla). alpha li...