AIM The aim of this work was to synthesize and study in vitro and in vivo nanocarriers used as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents that accumulate in tumor cells specifically overexpressing folate receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nanoparticles were prepared by self-assembly of poly-γ-glutamic acid and chitosan biopolymers and were complexed with gadolinium ions. Folic acid served...

Progress in the development of stem cell and gene therapy requires repeatable and non‑invasive techniques to monitor the survival and integration of stem cells in vivo with a high temporal and spatial resolution. The purpose of the present study was to examine the feasibility of using the standard contrast agent gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd‑DTPA) to label rat mesenchymal s...

Erythropoietin (EPO) has been recognized as a neuroprotective agent. In animal models of neonatal brain injury, exogenous EPO has been shown to reduce lesion size, improve structure and function. Experimental studies have focused on short course treatment after injury. Timing, dose and length of treatment in preterm brain damage remain to be defined. We have evaluated the effects of high dose a...

Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) measurements of energy metabolism (i.e. cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption, CMR(O2)), blood circulation (i.e. cerebral blood flow, CBF, and volume, CBV), and functional MRI (fMRI) signal over a wide range of neuronal activity and pharmacological treatments are used to interpret the neurophysiologic basis of blood ox...

In this paper, the Radial Strain (RS) and Strain Rate (SR) was calculated using tagged MRI (tMRI) data. Using tagged magnetic resonance imaging (tMRI), the left ventricle short axis of five healthy adults (three men and two women) and four healthy male rats was imaged during diastolic and systolic phases on the mid-ventricle level. The RS and radial SR of the left ventricle were calculated at t...

PURPOSE This study was designed to evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is appropriate for detecting early changes in the mandibular bone marrow and pulp tissue of rats after high-dose irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The right mandibles of Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with 10 Gy (Group 1, n=5) and 20 Gy (Group 2, n=5). Five non-irradiated animals were used as controls. ...

INTRODUCTION Increased lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sodium has been reported during migraine. We used ultra-high field MRI to investigate cranial sodium in a rat migraine model, and simulated the effects of extracellular sodium on neuronal excitability. METHODS Behavioral changes in the nitroglycerin (NTG) rat migraine model were determined from von Frey hair withdrawal response and photo...

Solution reflux and edema hamper the convection-enhanced delivery of the standard treatment for glioma. Therefore, a real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method was developed to monitor the dosing process, but a quantitative analysis of local diffusion and clearance parameters has not been assessed. The objective of this study was to compare diffusion into the extracellular space (ECS) at...

brain metastases (top) had poorly demarcated borders and were highly infiltrative with significant vasogenic edema. In contrast, bone metastases (bottom) had well-demarcated borders and developed as solid masses with minimal infiltration. Brain metastases (n=10) had significantly higher ADC and lower FA values than the normal brain tissue whereas bone metastases (n=5) had a significantly lower ...