Advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has allowed conservation biologists to use small portions of tissue to obtain genetic material for population genetic and taxonomic study. Fin clips are used extensively in large-sized fishes, but it is unclear how clipping enough fin tissue for genetic analysis will affect survival of smaller fishes such as minnows and darters, which are among the ...

A full understanding of the mechanics of locomotion can be achieved by incorporating descriptions of (1) three-dimensional kinematics of propulsor movement, (2) material properties of the propulsor, (3) power input and control and (4) the fluid dynamics effects of propulsor motion into (5) a three-dimensional computational framework that models the complexity of propulsors that deform and chang...

Gelatin and oil from three species of tuna fish, Thunnus albacares (yellow-fin tuna), Thunnus tonggol (long-tail tuna), and Katsuwonus pelamis (skipjack tuna) were extracted to study the factors affecting yield. Factors studied included organ (fin or skin), catch location (Chah bahar, Bushehr, Bandar-e abbas), season (summer or winter) and species (the three species). To extract gelatin and oil...

Topmouth gudgeon, Pseudorasbora parva was firstly recorded in Europe in southern Romania and Albania. This species was firstly determined from the Thrace region of Turkey in 1984 in the River Meriç. In this research, samples collected from four different stations between March 2010 and June 2011. A total of 81 P. parva individuals were caught by using drift-nets with a mesh-size of 10 mm, and ...

*Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland; ‡Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40351 Jyväskylä, Finland; §Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, D-01307 Dresden, Germany; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH), CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland; and ¶Department of Vi...

1) Systems Analysis Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 1100, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland 2) Department of Ecology and Systematics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 17, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland 3) Adaptive Dynamics Network, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria 4) Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Univer...

The identity and generic placement of Barbus mussullah Sykes, the type species of Hypselobarbus Bleeker, have for long been unclear, variously having been considered a synonym of Cyprinus curmuca Hamilton or a species of Tor Gray or Gonoproktopterus Bleeker. Here, through a re-examination of the original descriptions and the examination of specimens from western peninsular India, we redescribe ...

The suitability of three anatomical structures to determine age and growth of bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus (Suckley), was assessed. Scales and pelvic fin rays collected from recaptured bull trout 96–265 mm TL were used to validate annulus formation and assess the accuracy and precision of back calculation. Ageing precision and agreement of assigned ages were compared among scales, fin ray...

The world is looking towards producing products which consume less power without compromising on quality of life. The increase in use of refrigeration and air conditioning appliances are contributing to global warming. The world wide temperatures are shooting up at an increasing rate. This paper presents a design of roll bond evaporator as the heat exchanger to provide cooling in room air condi...

A new species of nemacheilid, Physoschistura dikrongensis, is described from the Brahmaputra basin in Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is easily distinguishable from congeners in having two V-shaped dark brown bars across the caudal fin towards the distal end; 11–15 irregular bars on the body; dark brown mottled markings on the head; 4 simple and 81⁄2 branched dorsal-fin rays; 4 simple anal-fin ray...