Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a tremendous public health problem in the United States and worldwide. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the University of Alabama National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center estimate the annual incidence of SCI in the United States is between 11,000 and 12,000 injured per year.14,31 There are approximately 250,000 people in the United States livi...

This study explores the behavioral intention to use the bus while considering the perceived quality of bus service, problem awareness, and moral obligation of people in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. The purpose is to test the feasibility of developing mobility management measures persuading motorcycle users to use the bus more, and if so, how. Principal components analysis on a set of psych...

planned in 22 nations in 2010. Despite rapid global motorization, worldwide bicycle use has generally increased during the past 30 years. Indeed, bicycling in Dutch, German, and Danish cities increased between 20% and 43% between 1975 and 1995 (2). Although cycling growth and trends vary worldwide, bikesharing offers a transportation alternative to increase bicycle use by integrating cycling in...

Korean automotive industry drew world’s attention as it grew to be the S’h largest producing country in two decades as a later comer. Now it faces a transitory period as domestic mmket growth drops to less than 5% despite more rapidly increasing overcapacity and it has to cope with greater competition pressure in both domestic and overseas markets. Change in domestic market directs Korean manuf...

India has become one of the biggest emitters of atmospheric pollutants from the road transportation sector globally. Here we present an up-to-date inventory of the exhaust emissions of ten species. This inventory has been calculated bottom-up from the vehicle mileage, differentiating by seven vehicle categories, four age/technology layers and three fuel types each, for the seven biggest cities ...

The world of powered two-wheelers has changed dramatically in recent decades, along with a steady increase in the number and diversity of the fleet and uses. This evolution has led to some benefits in terms of mobility, but also some drawbacks in terms of safety. The problems involved are neither simple nor monolithic and there is a lack of knowledge about their different facets and backgrounds...

The notion of habit has acquired an important role within studies of drug addiction and dependence. In general, classical models of addiction conceive of learned compulsive behaviors in terms of a unidirectional stimulus-response model, for which habits are behavior patterns based on studies of animals and are considered to be purely automated— that is, inflexible, highly stimulus bound and ins...

We are in the process of designing and building a modular spectrometer with the goal of being portable for use at a diverse group of endstations at the ALS, LCLS and TLS. The basic design is based upon experience from several years of use with similar designs at the ALS. For detector positions of less than 1.3 m, the design incorporates a composite cantilevered swing arm. Two optical elements a...

Successful Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) planning initiatives in Latin American cities involved complex interactions among stakeholders, politicians and planners. Asian cities under different geo-political settings may not be able to achieve successful BRT planning initiatives under similar circumstances. This paper reviews the recent mass transit planning initiatives, especially BRT planning initiat...

! Chinese! cities! have! a! long! legacy! of! bicycle! use! due! to! relatively! low! incomes,! dense! urban! development,! and! short! trip! lengths.! Because! of! tremendous! economic! growth! resulting! in! increased! motorization! and! spatial! expansion! of! cities,! trips! are! becoming! longer! and! more! difficult!to!make!by!bicycle.!As!a!result,!electric!powered!two"wheelers!have!risen...