Acute renal failure increases risk of death after cardiac surgery. However, it is not known whether more subtle changes in renal function might have an impact on outcome. Thus, the association between small serum creatinine changes after surgery and mortality, independent of other established perioperative risk indicators, was analyzed. In a prospective cohort study in 4118 patients who underwe...

Background: Psychological factors associated with low social status have been proposed as one possible explanation for the socio-economic gradient in health. The aim of this study is to explore whether different indicators of psychological distress contribute to socio-economic differences in mortality. Methods: The data source is a nationally representative, repeated cross-sectional survey, “He...

Background: infant mortality rate is one of the main health indicators for assessing the health system’s performance over the world. We aim to examine the socioeconomic and health system factors affect infant mortality in OPEC from 2004 to 2013. Methods: was used to examine the effects of some of the key explanatory factors (total fertility rate per women, GDP per capita (current US$), public h...

fair distribution of resources among various parts of the society and attention to social development in terms of providing primary educational and health facilities will bring about lasting effects on the countries' development. this paper tries to study social structures in five central asian nations. to do this, growth in sectors like health, education and percentage of state expenditur...

35 Malnutrition in geriatric hospital inpatients over 75 years old is one of the strongest indicators of a poor outcome, including mortality. A subjective rating of the nutritional status correlated strongly (p ! 0.001) with the subsequent mortality at follow-up times of 6, 18, and 30 months after discharge from hospital. Mortality was twice as high in malnourished patients as in normally nouri...

BACKGROUND The most common way of accounting for the countryside in health studies has been to compare it, as a whole, to the city. Furthermore, most of the work on small area health inequalities has been confined to major urban centres. To counter this trend, in this paper, we explore small area health inequalities in the predominantly rural county of Portneuf (population = 44,545), Québec. Su...

Possibilities of the assessment of a landscape with the use of succession development stages, monitored with the value of the Mean Individual Biomass (MIB) of carabid beetles and the occurrence of bird species are discussed on the basis of an example from Poland. Higher variability of the MIB value in space signifies a greater biodiversity. Apart from the variability of MIB, it is suggested to ...

Worldwide, contemporary measures of the success of health development programs have been mostly in terms of the reduction of mortality and morbidity as well as increasing longevity. While these goals have yielded much-needed health improvements, the subjective outcomes of these improvements, as experienced by individuals and the communities, have not been considered. Bhutan, under the overarchi...

ERPs were used to explore the different patterns of processing of cognate and noncognate words in the first (L1) and second (L2) language of a population of second language learners. L1 English students of French were presented with blocked lists of L1 and L2 words, and ERPs to cognates and noncognates were compared within each language block. For both languages, cognates had smaller amplitudes...