Abstract The “ Iberobathynella group”, or Iberobathynellini tribe, is a complex of six genera consisting 33 nominal species and several cryptic with an amphiatlantic distribution (in Europe, North Africa America). A modern systematic revision this group subterranean crustaceans presented here. phylogenetic biogeographic study using morphological molecular data (mitocondrial coi nuclear 18S) was...

The split-coloring problem is a generalized vertex coloring problem where we partition the vertices into a minimum number of split graphs. In this paper, we study some notions which are extensively studied for the usual vertex coloring and the cocoloring problem from the point of view of split-coloring, such as criticality and the uniqueness of the minimum split-coloring. We discuss some proper...

Tokenization is an important text preprocessing step to prepare input tokens for deep language models. WordPiece and BPE are de facto methods employed by models, such as BERT GPT. However, the impact of tokenization can be different morphologically rich languages, Turkic where many words generated adding prefixes suffixes. We compare five tokenizers at granularity levels, i.e. their outputs var...

Gnetales comprise three unusual genera of seed plants, Ephedra, Gnetum, and Welwitschia. Their extraordinary morphological diversity suggests that they are survivors of an ancient, more diverse group. Gnetalean antiquity is also supported by fossil data. Dispersed "ephedroid" (polyplicate) pollen first appeared in the Permian >250 million years ago (Myr), and a few megafossils document the pres...

Age-related physiological and morphological changes of muscle spindles were examined in rats (male Fischer 344/DuCrj: young, 4-13 months; middle-aged, 20-22 months; old, 28-31 months). Single afferent discharges of the muscle spindles in gastrocnemius muscles were recorded from a finely split dorsal root during ramp-and-hold (amplitude, 2.0 mm; velocity, 2-20 mm s(-1)) or sinusoidal stretch (am...

The taxonomy within the order Cypriniformes is subject to frequent changes, thanks to the results coming from recent molecular phylogenies that help understand the Cypriniformes tree of life previously established through morphological characters. In this paper, we focus on species belonging to the Cyprininae – the largest sub-family among Cypriniformes – and we present both morphological and p...

The GALFORM semi-analytic model of galaxy formation is used to explore the mechanisms primarily responsible for the three types of galaxies seen in the local universe: bulge, bulge+disc and disc, identified with the visual morphological types E, S0/a-Sbc and Sc-Scd, respectively. With a suitable choice of parameters the GALFORM model can accurately reproduce the observed local Ks-band luminosit...

One key finding in support of the hypothesis that written words are automatically parsed into component morphemes independently of the true morphological structure of the stimuli, so-called morpho-orthographic segmentation, is that suffixed nonword primes facilitate the visual recognition of a stem target (rapidifier-RAPIDE) whereas non-suffixed primes (rapiduit-RAPIDE) do not. However, Morris,...