We present a cognitive model of moral decision-making, MoralDM, which models psychological findings about utilitarian and deontological modes of reasoning. Current theories of moral decision-making extend beyond pure utilitarian models by relying strongly on contextual factors that vary with culture. In MoralDM, the impacts of secular versus sacred values are modeled via qualitative reasoning, ...

Ethics refers to. moral principles or set of moral values which determine the code of conduct as stipulated by the medical profession. The ethical decisions are based upon a system of moral values that serve the best interests of society in a humane and caring way(l). The motal values are governed by the society and they eulogize what is correct, righteous, virtuous, noble, desirable and accept...

We present a listening grid for moral counseling, in which we pay particular attention, alongside the what, to how clients talk about themselves: as if they were spectators; aware what this talking does to them; how they perceive what is good from the past; and what they will strive for in the future. By this moral talk, clients discover a picture of the conviction that will enable them to make...

according to quranic verses, the principles and religious values are taken as being in harmony with human nature. these values have emphasized on unique religion, that is, islam. reviewing recent revolts in arab-muslim countries shows that their request are in harmony to principles and values of islam factualism, trend to moral values and perfectionalism are parts of human natures. these natura...

The purpose of this paper is to present an understanding of business ethics based on a theory of intemal social criticism. Internal social criticism focuses on how members of a business organization debate the meanings of their shared traditions for the purpose of locating and correcting hypocrisy. Organizations have thick moral cultures that allow them to be self-governing moral communities. B...

In the recent medical ethics literature, several authors have recommended terminal sedation and refusal of hydration and nutrition as important, morally acceptable, and relatively uncontroversial treatment options for end-of-life suffering. However, not all authors use these terms to refer to the same practices. This paper examines the various ways that the terms terminal sedation and refusal o...

In the recent medical ethics literature, several authors have recommended terminal sedation and refusal of hydration and nutrition as important, morally acceptable, and relatively uncontroversial treatment options for end-of-life suffering. However, not all authors use these terms to refer to the same practices. This paper examines the various ways that the terms terminal sedation and refusal o...

A polarization has developed in American political debates concerning the nature of society as a rational agent that implements policies to govern individual behavior. As analyzed by Lakoff, the reasons for discord are not entirely based on logical consistency, but originate in radically different moral principles based on metaphors, values, and faith. How people attend to alternative views, ha...

John Harris has previously proposed that there is a moral duty to participate in scientific research. This concept has recently been challenged by Iain Brassington, who asserts that the principles cited by Harris in support of the duty to research fail to establish its existence. In this paper we address these criticisms and provide new arguments for the existence of a moral obligation to resea...