To develop more ecologically valid models of the neurobiology of obesity, it is critical to determine how the neural processes involved in food-related decision-making translate into real-world eating behaviors. We examined the relationship between goal-directed valuations of food images in the MRI scanner and food consumption at a subsequent ad libitum buffet meal. We observed that 23 lean and...

To investigate the control over drinking and feeding behavior by the light-entrainable circadian pacemaker, rats were maintained in a 12 h:12 h skeleton photoperiod for 36 days with both food and water restricted to the subjective day. During the restriction period most of the food and water intake was concentrated during the first 4 h of the subjective day. The subsequent release into ad lib c...

OBJECTIVE To examine adherence to, satisfaction with, and preliminary efficacy of mobile phone short message service (SMS) to promote health behaviors in school-aged children. METHODS A total of 49 children (aged 8-10 years) were randomized by school classes into a monitoring vs no-monitoring group. All children participated in 2 educational group sessions that focused on health behaviors: th...

This study investigated whether undergraduate students' health-risk behaviors differed according to gender. The sample consisted of 382 subjects, aged 20-29 years, from public universities in Pernambuco State, Brazil. Data were collected using the National College Health Risk Behavior Survey, previously validated in Portuguese. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. Assoc...

Behaviors associated with sickness (food consumption, weight maintenance, exploratory activity and grooming frequency) were examined on post-surgical days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 in male rats treated with progesterone (4 mg/kg) and/or vehicle. Rats with medial frontal cortex contusions showed reduced food consumption on days 1 and 3 (p < 0.01), reduced weight maintenance on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 (p < ...

Background: Among the multiple mechanisms of action of topiramate, AMPA/kainate antagonism may be particularly interesting for the treatment of disorders characterized by conditioned cognitive and behavioral cue reactivity. Case Presentation: We report the case of a patient consulting primarily for obesity and cue triggered snacking, who responded well on topiramate at doses up to 50 mg . Coinc...

We develop a new approach for solving the optimal retirement problem for an individual with an unhedgeable income risk. The income risk stems from a forced unemployment event, which occurs as an exponentially-distributed random shock. The optimal retirement problem is to determine the individual’s optimal consumption and investment behaviors and optimal retirement time simultaneously. We introd...

BACKGROUND Cigarette taxation has been recognized as one of the most significant policy instruments to reduce smoking. Smoking and drinking are highly comorbid behaviors, and the public health benefits of cigarette taxation may extend beyond smoking-related outcomes to impact alcohol consumption. The current study is the first to test whether increases in cigarette taxes are associated with red...

Short sleep duration is associated with elevated body mass index (BMI) and increased energy consumption. The present studies were conducted to determine what role emotional eating and stress might play in these relationships. The first was an exploratory questionnaire study in which sleep quality and duration were measured in conjunction with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire in 184 women...

The influence of environmental temperature on the water and electrolyte balance of infants has been studied by Cooke, Pratt, and Darrow and reported in this journal.8 However, changes in the feeding behaviour and activity of infants exposed to heat stress have not been extensively studied. The suppression of food intake in adults by high environmental temperature has been known for years," but ...