نتایج جستجو برای: modified penman
تعداد نتایج: 251477 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
معادله حالت برپایه مولکولی نه فقط یک سری اطلاعات ترمودینامیکی پایه ای مانند پتانسیل شیمیایی یا فوگاسیته را که برای شبیه سازی تعادل های فازی مورد نیاز است، محاسبه می کنند، بلکه اجازه جداسازی و سنجش کمّی اثرات ساختار مولکولی و تاثیر خواص توده ای ماده بر روی رفتار فاز را نیز می دهد. مثال هایی از این تاثیرات مانند اندازه مولکول ها و شکل (مثلاً طول زنجیره)، انرژی تجمعی (مانند پیوند هیدروژنی) و انرژی ...
this is an original study on the effect of a polyisobutylene – polydimethylsiloxane (pibpdms) block copolymer modifier used as an interfacial active agent on the dynamics behaviour of single newtonian drops suspended in a polyisobutylene (pib) newtonian matrix. the results were divided in two sections. the first part included the experiments carried out on the non-modified and 2% block cop...
Quantitative evaluation of evapotranspiration on a regional scale is necessary for water resources management, crop production and environmental assessments in irrigated lands. In this study, in order to estimate ETo and because of few synoptic stations and also little recorded meteorological data in North Khorasan Province, Iran, with arid and semi-arid climate, 7 stations from neighboring pro...
با توجه به اینکه بخش قابل توجهی از آب مصرفی به کشاورزی اختصاص دارد، محاسبه تبخیر و تعرق می تواند برای برنامههایی نظیر توسعه کشت، وضع قوانین مصرف آب، مطالعات هیدرولوژیکی و غیره کاربرد فراوانی داشته باشد. هم چنین روندیابی تبخیر و تعرق میتواند در بررسی روند خشکسالی در منطقه مفید واقع شود. در این تحقیق با استفاده از تصاویر Landsat 5 TM (41 تصویر)، دادههای هواشناسی مربوط به ایستگاه سینوپتی...
Daily evapotranspiration (ET) is modeled globally for the period 2000–2013 based on the Penman–Monteith equation with radiation and vapor pressures derived using remotely sensed Land Surface Temperature (LST) from the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Aqua and Terra satellites. The ET for a given land area is based on four surface conditions: wet/dry and vegetated/non...
In Mediterranean environments, evaporation is a key component of lake water budgets. This applies to Lake Baratz in Sardinia, Italy, a closed lake that almost dried up in 2008 after a succession of years with low seasonal rainfall. We used the energy budget method and Penman’s equation to estimate evaporation over Lake Baratz. We measured, using a raft station, water temperature at the surface,...
iran was located in the arid belt and desert region of the world. this climatic situation was presented in several parts of iran such as qazvin. evapotranspiration is one the most important parameter which was effect on agricultural development. there are different methods for estimating this item which selected by climatic conditions. this research concentrates to evaluate 28 empirical and com...
Estimating transpiration as an individual component of canopy evapotranspiration using a theoretical approach is extremely useful it eliminates the complexity involved in partitioning evapotranspiration. A model to predict based on radiation intercepted at various levels leaf area index (LAI) was developed controlled environment pasture species, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea var. Demeter). T...
Understanding the spatial variations in potential evapotranspiration (PET) and its influencing climatic variables is essential for sustainable agriculture water resources management. However, little published research has investigated alternation of PET due to climate change case Iraq. The objective present study was analyze trends annual seasonal Accordingly, latest global ERA5-Land dataset Eu...
Estimation of evapotranspiration is imperative for effective forest, irrigation and water resources management as well to increase yields better crop management. This study aims evaluate the effectiveness Surface Energy Balance Algorithm Land (SEBAL) in estimating actual 15 years wheat 2A distributary Mahanadi canal Command which situated Dhamtari district Chhattisgarh state India. The Landsat ...
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