We describe a method for direct cycle sequencing of PCR fragments amplified from genomic DNA or cDNA. DNA sequencing template is amplified using PCR and oligonucleotide primers flanking the region of interest. The amplified fragment is directly cycle sequenced using fluorescent sequencing primers, Sanger dideoxy sequencing chemistry and an enzyme mixture of a mutant Taq DNA polymerase and therm...

Environmental and economic objective functions are used simultaneously to select the operating conditions of a steam and power plant. Different methodologies to solve bi objective optimization problems were implemented successfully. The life cycle potential environmental impact and the operating cost of the utility plant are minimized simultaneously. A methodology is presented to estimate the p...

We show that a discrete-time, two-species competition model with Ricker (exponential) nonlinearities can exhibit multiple mixed-type attractors. By this is meant dynamic scenarios in which there are simultaneously present both coexistence attractors (in which both species are present) and exclusion attractors (in which one species is absent). Recent studies have investigated the inclusion of li...

Marine Crenarchaeota are the most abundant single group of prokaryotes in the ocean, but their physiology and role in marine biogeochemical cycles are unknown. Recently, a member of this clade was isolated from a sea aquarium and shown to be capable of nitrification, tentatively suggesting that Crenarchaeota may play a role in the oceanic nitrogen cycle. We enriched a crenarchaeote from North S...

In this paper, the problem of lot sizing, scheduling and delivery of several items in a two-stage supply chain over a finite planning horizon is studied. Single supplier via a flexible flow line production system (FFL), produces several items and delivers them directly to an assembly facility. Based on basic period (BP) strategy, a new mixed zero-one nonlinear programming model has been develop...

AIM To compare the percentage of apoptotic cells and the cell cycle profile of fibroblasts and macrophages exposed to either ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with chlorhexidine (CHX), or exposed to ProRoot MTA mixed with sterile water. METHODOLOGY Mouse gingival fibroblasts or mouse macrophages were seeded in six-well plates and allowed to attach overnight. Freshly mixed or set ...

The western tropical Atlantic has a complex salt budget, with strong seasonal river discharge, precipitation, evaporation, and the confluence of different water masses all contributing. This paper addresses the atmospheric and oceanic causes of the seasonal budget of mixed layer salinity based on direct observations. Data sets include up to five years (September 1997 December 2002) of measureme...

In this paper we investigate how attitudes to health and exercise in connection with cycling influence the estimation of values of travel time savings in different kinds of bicycle environments (mixed traffic, bicycle lane in the road way, bicycle path next to the road, and bicycle path not in connection with the road). The results, based on two Swedish stated choice studies, suggest that the v...

The Daily Hormone Study, a substudy of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) consisting of more than 600 pre- and perimenopausal women, includes a scalar measure of total hip bone mineral density (BMD) together with repeated measures of creatinine-adjusted follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) assayed from daily urine samples collected over one menstrual cycle. It is of scientific i...

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are group of polyunsaturated fatty acids that attract considerable attention due to their anticarcinogenic effects. In this study, the viability, apoptosis and cell cycle status of human hepatoma cells (HepG2) following treatment with cis-9,trans-11(c9,t11), trans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12) and mixed isomers of CLA were investigated. Cells were grown routinely on RPMI ...