A method has been developed whereby a fraction of rat brain mitochondria (synaptic mitochondria) was isolated from synaptosomes. This brain mitochondrial fraction was compared with the fraction of "free" brain mitochondria (non-synaptic) isolated by the method of Clark & Nicklas (1970). (J. Biol. Chem. 245, 4724-4731). Both mitochondrial fractions are shown to be relatively pure, metabolically ...

BACKGROUND Mitochondria form a dynamic tubular network within the cell. Proper mitochondria movement and distribution are critical for their localized function in cell metabolism, growth, and survival. In mammalian cells, mechanisms of mitochondria positioning appear dependent on the microtubule cytoskeleton, with kinesin or dynein motors carrying mitochondria as cargos and distributing them th...

Two organic luminogens with aggregation-induced emission properties have been developed and their colors are switchable under external stimuli. In addition, they can selectively image lipid droplets mitochondria, respectively.

The ability to regulate mitophagy in living system with small molecules remains a great challenge. We hypothesize that adding fragments specific the key autophagosome protein LC3 mitochondria will...

Cytochrome c release from mitochondria has been described to be related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. With ROS generation being increased in fatty liver from sucrose-fed (SF) rats, we hypothesized that cytochrome c release might be positively associated with H2O2 generation from SF mitochondria. Surprisingly, cytochrome c release from mitochondria of SF liver was found to be sign...

The flux of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to mitochondria regulates mitochondria metabolism. Within tumor tissue, mitochondria metabolism is frequently repressed, leading to chemotherapy resistance and increased growth of the tumor mass. Therefore, altered ER-mitochondria Ca(2+) flux could be a cancer hallmark, but only a few regulatory proteins of this mechanism are currently know...

The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) is a series of chemical reactions used in aerobic organisms to generate energy via the oxidation acetylcoenzyme A (CoA) derived from carbohydrates, fatty acids and proteins. In eukaryotic system, TCA occurs completely mitochondria, while intermediates are retained inside mitochondria due their polarity hydrophilicity. Under cell stress conditions, can become d...

huntington disease (hd) is a genetically dominant condition caused by expanded cag repeats which code for glutamine in the hd gene product, huntingtin. huntingtin is expressed in almost all tissues, so abnormalities outside the brain can also be expected. involvement of nuclei and mitochondria in hd pathophysiology has been suggested. in fact, mitochondrial dysfunction is reported in brains of ...

Mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) as a source of genetic information based on the maternal genome, can provide important for phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary biology. The objective this study was to analyze tree Bali cattle with seven gene bank references ( Bos indicus, taurus, frontalis , grunniens ) partial sequence 16S rRNA mitochondria DNA. Bayesian constructed using BEAST 2.4. visualization i...