A standard for bioregulatory network diagrams is urgently needed in the same way that circuit diagrams are needed in electronics. Several graphical notations have been proposed, but none has become standard. We have prepared many detailed bioregulatory network diagrams using the molecular interaction map (MIM) notation, and we now feel confident that it is suitable as a standard. Here, we descr...

A coarse-grained ionic liquid model has been developed to investigate the structure and dynamic properties of 1-n-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C(n)mim][PF(6)] ionic liquids with alkyl chains up to ten carbon atoms. Two mapping schemes are compared, showing that different ways of grouping the atoms into coarse-grained beads affect differently the structure and dynamics of the l...

Background: In 2009, Applied Clinical Informatics (ACI) – focused on applications in clinical informatics – was launched as a companion journal to Methods of Information in Medicine (MIM). Both journals are official journals of the International Medical Informatics Association. Objectives: To explore which congruencies and interdependencies exist in publications from theory to practice and from...

Two types of imidazolium-based ionic liquid (IL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([C(4)mim][NTF(2)]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C(4)mim][BF(4)]), confined between silica surfaces were investigated by surface force apparatus (SFA)-based resonance shear measurements together with surface force measurements. The surface force profiles in the...

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of progressive hereditary disorders of the retina in which various modes of inheritance have been described. The X linked forms of retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP, MIM 268000) are among the most severe owing to their early onset, leading to significant vision loss before the fourth decade. Five XLRP loci have been localised by linkage: RP2 (MIM 312600), RP3 (MIM ...

Design flexibility, mass customization, waste reduction and the ability to manufacture near-net complex-shape structures, as well rapid prototyping, are main advantages of Metal Injection Molding (MIM). A brief review MIM technique, materials their development trending applications using iron powders was delineated. The ground-breaking in automotive, medical, magnetic were discussed. current-st...

A metallic coupler is proposed to interface a silicon on insulator (SOI) waveguide with a narrow hybrid plasmonic waveguide (200× 200 nm). The device operation is investigated and optimized to attain the best tradeoff between the mode confinement and the propagation loss. Calculations reveal that a high confinement and low loss of the energy is achieved from a silicon slab waveguide into the di...

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS), the most common inherited hemolytic anemia disorder, is characterized by osmotically fragile microspherocytic red cells with a reduced surface area on peripheral blood smear. Pathogenic variants in five erythrocyte membrane structure-related genes ANK1 (Spherocytosis, type 1; MIM#182900), SPTB 2; MIM#616649), SPTA1 3; MIM#270970), SLC4A1 4; MIM#612653) and EPB42 5...

Microwave reaction of Ln(OAc)(3).xH(2)O, Ln = Gd, Eu; OAc = acetate) with and in the ionic liquid [C(4)mim][BF(4)] (C(4)mim = 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) allows the fast and efficient synthesis of small, uniform, oxygen-free lanthanide nanofluorides with excellent photophysical behaviour. For GdF(3) : Eu(3+) nanoparticles a quantum efficiency of up to 145% was determined.