BACKGROUND In an endeavor to find an orally active and affordable antileishmanial drug, we tested the efficacy of a cationic amphiphilic drug, imipramine, commonly used for the treatment of depression in humans. The only available orally active antileishmanial drug is miltefosine with long half life and teratogenic potential limits patient compliance. Thus there is a genuine need for an orally ...

Fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans exhibit several survival mechanisms to evade attack by antifungals and colonise host tissues. Rta3, a member of the Rta1-like family of lipid-translocating exporters has a 7-transmembrane domain topology, similar to the G-protein-coupled receptors and is unique to the fungal kingdom. Our findings point towards a role for the plasma membrane localised Rt...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-deficient mice were challenged with Leishmania donovani to characterize TNF in the response of visceral intracellular infection to antileishmanial chemotherapy. In wild-type controls (i) liver infection peaked at week 2 and resolved, (ii) discrete liver granulomas developed at weeks 2 to 4 and involuted, and (iii) leishmanicidal responses to antimony (Sb), amphoteric...

We aimed to assess and synthesize the information available in the literature regarding the treatment of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in special populations. We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Cochrane Library and mRCT databases to identify clinical trials and observational studies that assessed the pharmacological treatment of the following groups of patien...

A generic miltefosine pharmaceutical product containing no active pharmaceutical ingredient for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis emerged in Bangladesh for use in the national elimination programme. Poor-quality drugs for the treatment of this fatal neglected tropical disease are life-threatening for the vulnerable patients using them but also have a devastating impact on public health an...

In this study, we followed the genomic, lipidomic and metabolomic changes associated with the selection of miltefosine (MIL) resistance in two clinically derived Leishmania donovani strains with different inherent resistance to antimonial drugs (antimony sensitive strain Sb-S; and antimony resistant Sb-R). MIL-R was easily induced in both strains using the promastigote-stage, but a significant ...

The surface tension of 1,2-dimethyl-3-N-hexadecyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (Im BF4) as a function of concentration has been measured. Between 10−5 and 4× 10−4 mol/L, the surface tension decreases with increasing imidazolium concentration. Aggregate formation appears to occur at a concentration near 4× 10−4 mol/L for temperatures between 50 and 75 ◦C. Small angle neutron scattering measurem...

Fig 3 and Fig 4 are incorrect. The authors have provided corrected versions here. Copyright: © 2015 Ramesh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Introduction Passive case detection and treatment constitute the principal and often the sole measure of control for dermal leishmaniasis in Central and South America yet pentavalent antimonials, the first line therapy, are often ineffective. Treatment failure is frequent and concerning in the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis in South America. Overall non-response is of the order of 24% ba...