Beta adrenergic blockers have been one of the most prescribed category of drugs during the past 15 years. Recently, many new beta blockers have been introduced because they have unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties that benefit patients. The purpose of this article is to review the pharmacological properties and clinical uses of beta blockers. The latter part of this review wil...

Beta-blockers are the cornerstone of treatment for various cardiovascular conditions. were discovered as antianginal drugs in 1960s and currently widely used heart failure, arrhythmias, ischemic disease. In this article, we review evidence beneficial effects beta-blockers these conditions, well current recommendations clinical practice guidelines their use. Surprisingly, despite having been pre...

This case report describes the very rarest possibility of drug induced hyperkalemia with beta blockers. In literature search only 2 cases were reported as metoprolol succinate in diabetes patients without renal insufficiency. As per FDA reports 0.5 % have by [1]. Patient is diabetic and hypertensive. And she on oral hypoglycemic agents, premixed insulin blockers along calcium channel blocker. T...

Both ivabradine (Procoralan), the first I(f) current inhibitor of the cardiac pacemaker cells, and b-blockers reduce heart rate and exhibit potent anti-ischemic effects. Although b-blockers are still the first choice of medication to treat patients suffering from myocardial ischemia, numerous experimental and clinical arguments are now available from which to conclude that ivabradine not only i...

: Double-lumen tubes (DLT) and bronchial blockers (BB) are usually used to functionally isolate the lungs during thoracic surgery. However, for patients with tracheal stenosis, management of one lung ventilation (OLV) in anesthesia is still full challenges due mismatching between trachea lumen tube diameter. In past, a small single-lumen (SLT) combined an endobronchial pediatric BB or extralumi...

BACKGROUND Observational studies suggest that there are differences in adherence to antihypertensive medications in different classes. Our objective was to quantify the association between antihypertensive drug class and adherence in clinical settings. METHODS AND RESULTS Studies were identified through a systematic search of English-language articles published from the inception of computeri...

OBJECTIVE To compare antibody responses to 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumovax) in controls and patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with TNF blockers, methotrexate (MTX) or a combination of both. METHODS Patients with RA (n = 149) and healthy controls (n = 47) were vaccinated. Treatment with TNF blockers (etanercept or infliximab) and MTX was given to 50 patients...

In post myocardial infarction patients beta blockers have shown a reduction of total mortality (23%), sudden cardiac death (25%) and non fatal reinfarction (30%). Beside beta blockers, only a few agents have shown reduction of mortality and sudden cardiac death in post myocardial infarction patients. Beta blockers have showed more favorable effects In patients with Q wave myocardial infarction ...

For more than 3 decades beta blockers have been widely used in the treatment of hypertension and are still recommended as first line agents (1,2). Beta blockers have been in use not only in hypertension but in other cardiovascular conditions. Since long period, beta blockers have assumed a guideline-recommended treatment option for hypertension. However, recent meta-analyses have questioned whe...

INTRODUCTION The use of discharge β-blockers after cardiac surgery is associated with a long-term mortality benefit. β-Blockers have been suggested to be less effective in black cardiovascular patients compared with whites. To date, racial differences in the long-term survival of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients who receive β-blockers at discharge have not been examined. METHOD...