In this study, the optimization of microwave-assisted alkaline (MAA) pretreatment is performed to attain optimal operating parameters for delignification cocoa pod husk (CPH). The MAA performance was examined by heating CPH solid with different particle sizes (60–120 mesh) and NaOH solution a sample solvent (SS) ratio (0.02–0.05 g/L), short irradiation time (1–4 min). Box-Behnken Design (BBD) u...

Potent mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines are produced from heated food derived from muscle. These compounds are present at part-per-billion levels and consist primarily of the amino-imidazoazaarene class of chemicals. Additional mutagens present in the meat are not as clearly characterized. Commercial fried-beef patties (hamburgers) have low levels of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,...

Abstract In the context of “waste valorization,” recovery biomolecules from agri‐food wastes by innovative extraction technique has come to forefront. this investigation, effect microwave pretreatment on aqueous betacyanin (BC), phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant crown part Cylindra‐type beetroot ( Beta vulgaris L.) been studied. Two major operating parameters leaching, such as temperature ti...

sugarcane bagasse contains cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose, 39-42%, 20-25% and 25-27% respectively. so it is can be used as a sugar source in many processes. lignin and hemicellulose must be removed before hydrolysis of cellulose. several different pretreatment approaches have been studied. the purpose of this research is comparison of acid, ozone and combination of ozone-acid as pretreatme...

The integral valorization of potential sugars (cellulosic and hemicellulosic) from spent coffee grounds (SCG), a lignocellulosic residue, is proposed in this work. With aim, the microwave assisted dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment has been optimized, leading to hemicellulosic sugar recovery liquid (HSRL) an enzymatic hydrolysis yield 79 98%, respectively, at 160.47 °C 1.5% H2SO4. Moreover, comp...

introduction: the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (lpv/r) has decreased morbidity and mortality due to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv); however its use could be impaired by hepatotoxicity. therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of melatonin (mt) and alpha lipoic acid (ala) on lpv/r-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. methods: rats were divided into groups and treate...