Steroid hormones are produced by the porcine uterus. We hypothesized that the uterus in pigs possesses active 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ(5)-Δ(4) isomerase (3β-HSD) responsible for progesterone and androstenedione production, that uterine steroids may supplement the amount of steroid hormones produced by embryos and corpus luteum and that these steroids are necessary for maintenance of pr...

Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) frequently occur after infectious or mechanical injury to the endometrium, which may lead to infertility and/or pregnancy complications. There are few effective treatments due to the complex function of endometrium and shortage of native materials. 17β-estradiol (E2) is commonly used as an ancillary treatment in IUA patients, but it is limited by its poor solubility...

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a member of the collectin family of the innate host defense proteins. In the lung, SP-D is expressed primarily by type II cells. Gene-targeted SP-D-deficient [SP-D(-/-)] mice have three- to fivefold higher surfactant lipid pool sizes. However, surfactant synthesis and secretion by type II cells and catabolism by alveolar macrophages are normal in SP-D(-/-) mice. T...

Abstract Study question Does HIF-2α play a key role in pre-menstrual conditioning of the non-pregnant endometrium to optimise menstrual breakdown/repair and prevent heavy bleeding (HMB)? Summary answer HIF-2 was higher secretory women with HMB versus controls, but manipulation mouse model did not impact endometrial breakdown/repair. What is known already Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) master re...

The ultimate function of the endometrium is to allow the implantation of a blastocyst and to support pregnancy. Cycles of tissue remodeling ensure that the endometrium is in a receptive state during the putative 'implantation window', the few days of each menstrual cycle when an appropriately developed blastocyst may be available to implant in the uterus. A successful pregnancy requires strict ...

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) is defined as excessive blood loss during menstruation which results in interfering with women’s physical health, social interaction, emotional status and reducing the quality of life. It can have an unknown etiology or in combination with other systemic disease. It is also consider as an excessive bleeding of uterus without any apparent pathological reason ...

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a distinguished histopathological entity affecting several organs, predominantly the kidney and gallbladder. So far, only a small number of cases of xanthogranulomatous inflammation occurring in female genital tract have been described, most frequently affecting the endometrium and histologically characterized by replacement of endometrium by xanthogranulomat...

objective: it has been shown that berberine, a major component of berberis vulgaris extract, modulates the activity of several neurotransmitter systems including dopamine (da) and n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) contributing to rewarding and reinforcing effects of morphine. drug craving and relapsing even after a long time of abstinence therapy are the most important problems of addiction. in the p...

Endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus which is composed of epithelial and stromal tissue compartments enclosed by the two smooth muscle layers of the myometrium. In women, much of the endometrium is shed and regenerated each month during the menstrual cycle. Endometrial regeneration also occurs after parturition. The cellular mechanisms that regulate endometrial regeneration are still p...

Endometriosis, defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, is a common gynecological disease with poorly understood pathogenesis. MicroRNAs are members of a class of small noncoding RNA molecules that have a critical role in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by repression of target mRNAs translation. We assessed differentially expressed microRNAs in ectopic...