Infection of the developing fetus with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major cause of central nervous system disease in infants and children; however, mechanism(s) of disease associated with this intrauterine infection remain poorly understood. Utilizing a mouse model of HCMV infection of the developing CNS, we have shown that peripheral inoculation of newborn mice with murine CMV (MCMV) resu...

Neuroimmune Biology (NIB) was conceived in 2000. At that time it was predicted that neuroimmune mechanisms play a major regulatory role in Biology. Hence the term, Neuroimmune Biology was introduced [1]. Now it is apparent that in feto-maternal interactions, which represent Reproduction Biology, the Neuroimmune Supersystem plays a fundamental role. Reproduction Biology is a perfect example for ...

Background: In this study the effect of water-alcohol Papaver bracteatum Lindl. Extract on development of mice oocytes treated with doxorubicin (dox) was examined. Materials and Methods: Mice at 7-8 weeks old were assigned to 4 groups. Control group, mice injected intraperitoneally (IP) with saline. P.bracteatum extract group alone, mice treated with 200 mg/kg of body weight, IP, twelve consecu...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been associated with adverse pregnant outcomes, including fetal demise, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), neural tube defects (NTDs) and preterm delivery in rodent animals. Previous studies demonstrated that melatonin protected against LPS-induced fetal demise, IUGR and preterm delivery. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of melatonin...

p63 is the identity switch for uterine/vaginal epithelial cell fate, and disruption of p63 expression by diethylstilbestrol (DES) induces cervical/vaginal adenosis in mice. In this article, we report the expression patterns of p63 isoforms (TA, DeltaN, alpha, beta and gamma) in mice, focusing on the reproductive tract. We also present the reproductive tract phenotype of female p63-/- mice. Fina...

In the fetus, leptin in the circulation increases at late gestation and likely influences fetal organ development. Increased surfactant by leptin was previously demonstrated in vitro using fetal lung explant. We hypothesized that leptin treatment given to fetal sheep and pregnant mice might increase surfactant synthesis in the fetal lung in vivo. At 122-124 days gestational age (term: 150 days)...

background: the ovariectomized animals are good models to evaluate the effect of different steroid hormone treatments on implantation events and the pattern of integrin expression. therefore, this study was performed to compare the expression of integrins and osteopontin (opn) in correlation with pinopode development in ovariectomized mice endometrium which was subjected to steroid hormones. me...

The placenta is a distinctive, endocrine organ, which facilitates the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus through placental microcirculation. Placenta is a window providing insight vision for understanding maternal dysfunction and its impacts on fetal well-being. So it is an effective index by examination of which we can predict the status of fetus in utero as well as in neonatal life. ...