Abstract Weeds are very problematic for tomato production worldwide. Differences in formulations of the same herbicide have different effects on weeds and crops. There no published studies effect capsule suspension pendimethalin (Pend) products Egypt. The present study aims at evaluating three pre-plant Pend compared with a post-plant metribuzin (Met) hand hoeing their efficiency weed control g...

Abstract Preemergence (PRE) herbicides are often banded over the entire top of raised beds for broadleaf and grass control in plasticulture vegetable production systems. However, weeds may emerge from planting holes tears plastic mulch. Banded application results applied where no occur, therefore, they not needed. Our objective is to identify that do harm transplanted crops when directed at tra...

A search for clay-surfactant based formulations with high percentage of the active ingredient, which can yield slow release of active molecules is described. The active ingredients were the herbicides metribuzin (MZ), mesotrione (MS) and flurtamone (FL), whose solubilities were examined in the presence of four commercial surfactants; (i) neutral: two berols (B048, B266) and an alkylpolyglucosid...

Two different test systems, one based on the isolated sciatic nerve of an amphibian and the other on a microbial eukaryote, were used for the assessment of herbicide toxicity. More specifically, we determined the deleterious effects of increasing concentrations of herbicides of different chemical classes (phenoxyacetic acids, triazines, and acetamides), and of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), a de...