The high current and ESD effects on VLSI interconnect metallization have been characterized and a model for heating under ESD conditions is presented. I t is shown that thermal breakdown occurs when the resistances increase by a factor of >3.6 due to melting of metal lines. After the metal is molten, the thermal stress is required to exceed the fracture strength of the oxidelnitride layers in o...

We report two cases of severe thermal burns on the ocular surface and its adnexal appendages that developed secondary to exposure to molten heavy metal with a melting temperature of near-thousand degree Celsius. Despite aggressive intervention and strict monitoring, the profound inflammation caused significant damage to the ocular surface, ending up in an intractable infection with an unfavorab...

A series of transition metal complexes of the ligand 5-bromo salicylaldehyde-2-furoic acid hydrazide have been prepared using Ti(III), Mn(III), V(III), Co(III), Fe(III), Ru(III) and Rh(III). The complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, melting points, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurement, electronic and infra red spectral studies. Based on these studies octahed...

One-step direct nanoimprinting of metal nanoparticles was investigated to fabricate nano-/microscale metallic structures such as nanodot and nanowire arrays. This was done at low temperatures and pressures, utilizing the low melting temperature and viscosity of metal nanoparticle solutions. Through precise control of the fluidic properties of the nanoparticle solution and the mold design, high-...

Present paper reports an overview on the processing, corrosion behavior and applications of various metal matrix composites with a special focus on iron based metal matrix nanocomposites. As iron has a much higher melting temperature compared to aluminum, copper and magnesium therefore it is synthesized using powder metallurgy technique. P/M technique is widely used because it provides microstr...

The powder metallurgy parts manufacturing (PM2) industry is a significant part of the history economy and technology Pennsylvania. Powder process for forming metal by compacting in die then heating compacted just below its melting point (called ‘sintering’). producers purchase specialized powders, lubricants, binders, additives, tooling, equipment, industrial gases. north-central Pe...

Die performance and its service life is a non-trivial issue in metal forming industry as many factors in die life cycle from design, fabrication, to downstream service, all affect it. In this report, a simulation-based approach for die life estimation and improvement is developed by employing the FEM technology and metal fatigue theory. Using industrial part as case study, the validity, robustn...

The semiconductor industry is headed towards a new era of scaling and uncertainty with new key building blocks for the next-generation chips, the high-κ metal-gate transistor. There is a need for statistical characterization of high-κ metal-gate digital gates as a function of process parameter variations to make them available for designers. In this paper, we present a methodology for PVT aware...

Supported metal oxide based olefin metathesis catalysts are widely used in the chemical industry. In comparison to their organometallic catalyst cousins, the oxide catalysts have much lower activity due to the very small fraction of active sites. We report that a simple pretreatment of MoO3/SiO2 and WO3/SiO2 under an olefincontaining atmosphere at elevated temperatures leads to a 100−1000fold i...