human saliva plays an important role in the health of the oral cavity and of the body as a whole. salivary diagnostics is a dynamic and emerging fi   fl   fi   fi key words: biomarker, microbiome, proteome, saliva, transcriptome   ve diagnostic alphabets proteins, mrnas, mirnas, metabolic compounds, and microbes   offering substantial advantages because disease states may be accompanied by dete...

Introduction: Obesity is considered to be a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The present study aimed to investigate the associations of neck circumference (NC) with cardiovascular diseases and MetS in adults. Methods: This review was conducted via searching in databases such as Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using various keywords, ...

The continuing increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders such as type-II diabetes and an accelerating aging population globally will remain the major contributors to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the 21st century. It is well known that aging is highly associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Growing evidence also shows that obesity and metabolic dis...

Metabolic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, are world-wide health problems. The prevalence of metabolic diseases is associated with dynamic changes in dietary macronutrient intake during the past decades. Based on national statistics and from a public health viewpoint, traditional approaches, such as diet and physical activity, have been unsuccessful in decreasing the prevalence of...

Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are a class of genetic disorders. Each metabolic disorder may have different forms with different age of onset, clinical manifestations, severity, and even type of inheritance. Ideally, a group of different specialists, including ophthalmologists, pediatricians, biochemists, and medical geneticists are needed for the final diagnosis and management of IMDs. B...

conclusions in cases of unusual vascular lesions, metabolic diseases must be considered. in homocystinuria, early diagnosis and treatment are important. blood homocysteine levels can be returned to normal, and some complications can be prevented. introduction homocystinuria is a hereditary disease caused by a defect in the enzymes involved in metabolizing methionine. homocystinuria can influenc...