Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has important actions on whole body metabolic function. GIP and its receptor are also present in the central nervous system and have been linked to neurotrophic actions. Metabolic effects of central nervous system GIP signaling have not been reported. We investigated whether centrally administered GIP could increase peripheral plasma GIP concen...

INTRODUCTION Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is often associated with devastating diabetic complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and neuropathy. Hypertension is a common co-morbidity in diabetes mellitus, therefore the consequences of high blood pressure on T2DM should be considered. Among diabetics, hypertension ...

Pharmaconutrition is an area of current interest, especially concerning the advances in pharmacology nutrient-sensing receptors, as have been accomplished last 20 years. The family free fatty acid (FFA) receptors composed four members, sequentially named FFA1 to FFA4, which are activated by short long-chain acids. affinity and FFA4 for omega-3 polyunsaturated acids prompted pre-clinical clinica...

The role of glycogen in the central nervous system is intimately linked with the glycolytic pathway. Glycogen is synthesized from glucose, the primary substrate for glycolysis, and degraded to glucose-6-phosphate. The metabolic cost of shunting glucose via glycogen exceeds that of simple phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate by hexokinase; thus, there must be a metabolic advantage i...