These days cochlear implantation is the accepted modality to rehabilitate deafened people. Meningitis is still a life threatening disease which may lead to deafness due to sole disease or secondary to ototoxic drugs used to stop the disaster [1]. Sepsis and/or meningitis may harm neonates whom are taking care in nurseries. TEOAE neonatal hearing screening programs are unable to find all of thes...

Bacteriological and clinical data on 68 children with neonatal group B streptococcal meningitis were analysed as part of a wider study of bacterial meningitis undertaken between 1976 and 1982. Twenty five per cent of patients died and there was no difference in the mortality rate between early and late onset disease. Sixteen per cent of the infants weighed less than 2500 g at birth but in 50% n...

Hydrocephalus is but one of the several sequelae of neonatal meningitis (NM). Other common sequelae include mental retardation, seizures, and sensorineural hearing loss(2). Therefore, studying cases of hydrocephalus alone may not reflect a true picture of unrecognized NM and figures thus obtained may under-estimate the proportion of missed cases. In fact, in the present series too, 4/13 infants...

Two infants are described in whom identical strains of meningococcus were isolated from both the eyes and the cerebrospinal fluid. This suggests that the eye may be a portal of entry in at least some cases of perinatally acquired neonatal meningococcal disease and has important implications for the management of purulent conjunctivitis in the newborn.

Group B streptococci (GBSs) are the leading cause of neonatal meningitis. GBSs enter the CNS by penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which consists of specialized human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs). To identify GBS factors required for BBB penetration, we generated random mutant libraries of a virulent strain and screened for loss of hBMEC invasion in vitro. Two independ...

Objective: To analyze the usefulness of determining the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-6(IL-6)for the early diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis of neonatal meningitis. Method: We studied 54 newborn that underwent lumbar puncture.Thirty patients had meningitis and 24 were the control group.CSF and sera were obtained a...

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus; GBS) is a normal constituent of the intestinal microflora and the major cause of human neonatal meningitis. A single clone, GBS ST-17, is strongly associated with a deadly form of the infection called late-onset disease (LOD), which is characterized by meningitis in infants after the first week of life. The pathophysiology of LOD remains poorly u...

Bacterial meningitis during the perinatal period may cause long-term neurological deficits. The study investigated whether bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from E. coli. led to neuronal apoptosis with an impaired performance of long-term cognitive function involving the activation of histone modification in the TNF-α gene promoter. Further, we looked into the therapeutic efficacy of g...

Technical Appendix Table 2. Enterovirus 71 strains selected for phylogenetic analysis Genogroup Origin Year Strain GenBank no. Diagnosis A USA 1970 BrCr U22521 Meningitis B1 Hungary 1978 Hungary-78 AB059815 NA B2 USA 1988 8149-AL-88 55E AF135907 NA B3 Malaysia 1997 0884-MAA-97 AY207645 NA B4 Australia 2000 9918-SYD-00 AY940106 NA B5 Sarawak 2003 SB12869-SAR-03 AY905545 NA C1 USA 1987 0915-MA-87...

Salmonella enterica sv. Typhi (S typhi), the causative organism of enteric fever which is found mainly in the developing countries, is a severe systemic disease with a worldwide frequency estimated as 12-33 million cases per year. It is transmitted not only through contaminated food and beverages, but also via a vertical mechanism during the last trimester of pregnancy. Salmonella enterica sv. ...