Researchers from Vienna, Austria and Sao Paulo, Brazil studied the known effects of anticonvulsant drugs on mitochondria, using a literature search to include only references to epilepsy associated with mitochondrial disease, and a specific anti-convulsant drug (i.e. levetiracetam) with a specific mitochondrial function (i.e. mitochondrial membrane potential).

Dyslipidemia is responsible for great mortality and morbidity each year. Little data are available on the availability and affordability of Dyslipidemia medications in low and middle incomes countries. In a retrospective time-series study, we examined the utilization pattern and affordability of lipid-lowering medications in Iran as a lower middle-income country. We initially calculated the def...

Dyslipidemia is responsible for great mortality and morbidity each year. Little data are available on the availability and affordability of Dyslipidemia medications in low and middle incomes countries. In a retrospective time-series study, we examined the utilization pattern and affordability of lipid-lowering medications in Iran as a lower middle-income country. We initially calculated the def...

background: poisoning with non-barbiturate anti-epileptics (carbamazepine, sodium valproate and phenytoin) shows a growing trend. the objective of this study was to investigate clinical manifestations of poisoned patients with these medications. methods: this prospective study was conducted in the shiraz shoushtari hospital during a two-year period from 2010 to 2012. poisoning was confirmed acc...

conclusions polypharmacy as an independent variable has been linked to falls in older people, however there appears to be a stronger link between falls and the type of medications taken (e.g. medications known to increase risk of falls), rather than polypharmacy on its own. polypharmacy can sometimes be therapeutic and it may be more beneficial to consider terms such as ‘inappropriate prescribi...

Palliative care, as both a movement and a medical subspecialty, has grown over time from a small hospice movement focusing on the care of the actively dying to a clinical specialty focusing on symptom control and provision of support to those living with chronic, life-threatening illnesses in addition to those at the end of their lives.1 Given the burden of disease these patients face, it is pe...

The first line treatment in the management of glaucoma is topical medical therapy. Many patients with glaucoma require multiple medications for adequate intraocular pressure control. For patients who need multi-dose regimens to control intraocular pressure, fixed combinations offer convenience, efficacy and safety. This review summarizes the role, efficacy, mechanism of action and indications f...

Since the basic defect in cystic fibrosis (CF) involves a defective cell surface protein controlling chloride channel transport across cell membranes, medications which are developed to enhance the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein should result in improvement in patients with CF. The presence of over 2000 genetic mutations have made these efforts difficult. How...

While many studies have evaluated the effect of medications on semen quality, there is little guidance as to what is the true impact of many medications on male fertility. Further well designed studies are required to elucidate the precise associations between certain therapeutic medications and their effect on male fertility. *Corresponding author: Yulian Zhao, PhD, MD, MBA, Johns Hopkins Univ...

Insurers and policymakers encourage the use of generic drugs to reduce costs, but generics remain underused. We conducted a national survey of commercially insured adults to evaluate their perceptions about generic drugs. Patients agreed that generics are less expensive and a better value than brand-name drugs, and are just as safe. However, although 56 percent reported that Americans should us...