This study discusses the results from the IAP and its lateralizing and prognostic value in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). Eighteen patients were submitted to the IAP. Fifteen had bitemporal and 3 unitemporal lobe epilepsies. All patients had MTS on MRI and in one there was an unrelated lesion in the contralateral hippocampus. Nine bitemporal pati...

Temporal lobe epilepsy in children has been less well studied compared to that seen in adults. Whereas hippocampal sclerosis is the most common etiology for the adult temporal lobe epilepsy syndromes, tumors and malformations of cortical development are more commonly seen in children. Differences in seizure semiology are also apparent. Temporal lobe epilepsy in very young infants may exhibit pr...

It is well established that the temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is linked to the autonomic nervous system dysfunctions. Seizures alter the function of different systems such as the respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and urogenital systems. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possible factors which may be involved in interictal cardiovascular autonomic function in temporal lobe epi...

Hippocampal sclerosis is the most frequent pathology encountered in resected mesial temporal structures from patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Here, we have used stereological methods to compare the overall density of synapses and neurons between non-sclerotic and sclerotic hippocampal tissue obtained by surgical resection from patients with TLE. Specifically, we examined ...

Episodic memory impairment is commonly observed in patients with epilepsy associated with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). Prospective memory (PM) is a set cognitive abilities that allow future performance of a present intention, in response to time- or event-based evocation cues, that trigger the intended action at the appropriate time. PM has not been evaluated in mesial temporal sclerosis. W...

PURPOSE Analysis of the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) involvement in 115 patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) by MR imaging. The simultaneous occurrence of ipsilateral fornix (F) and mamillary body (MB) volume loss was checked also. These findings were correlated with the side of hippocampal involvement, the sex, patient s age, and the symptoms onset. METHOD The MR images of 115 patients wi...

The aim of this study was to determine whether the predictive value of the intracarotid amobarbital test (IAT) for the side to be resected is applicable only to medial temporal lobe epilepsy and to investigate whether there are different patterns of memory performances on the IAT between patients with unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis (UMT group) and those without (non-UMT group). We studied...

Approximately one in every two patients with pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy will not be rendered completely seizure-free after temporal lobe surgery. The reasons for this are unknown and are likely to be multifactorial. Quantitative volumetric magnetic resonance imaging techniques have provided limited insight into the causes of persistent postoperative seizures in patients with tempo...

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is the most prevalent form of focal epilepsy, and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is considered the most frequent associated pathological finding. Recent connectivity studies have shown that abnormalities, either structural or functional, are not confined to the affected hippocampus, but can be found in other connected structures within the same hemisphere, or ev...

Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders affecting ~1% of the population. Medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most frequent type of epilepsy observed in adults who do not respond to pharmacological treatment. The reason for intractability in these patients has not been systematically studied. Further, no markers are available that can predict the subset of patients w...