It is commonly stated that reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms require more samples to learn than humans. In this work, we investigate this claim using two standard problems from the RL literature. We compare the performance of human subjects to RL techniques. We find that context—the meaningfulness of the observations—plays a significant role in the rate of human RL. Moreover, without conte...

A set of images can be considered as meaningfully different for an observer if they can be distinguished phenomenally from one another. Each phenomenal difference must be supported by some neurophysiological differences. Differentiation analysis aims to quantify neurophysiological differentiation evoked by a given set of stimuli to assess its meaningfulness to the individual observer. As a proo...

In this paper, we exploit the analogy between protein sequence alignment and image pair correspondence to design a bioinformatics-inspired framework for stereo matching based on dynamic programming. This approach also led to the creation of a meaningfulness graph, which helps to predict matching validity according to image overlap and pixel similarity. Finally, we propose an automatic procedure...

This paper considers the potential benefits of gamification from the perspective of surgical patients’ quality of care. There is little published data on gamifying the work of healthcare professionals even though the use of serious games in healthcare has been growing. Literature on the quality of care shows that patients are often satisfied with the care they have received. However, research i...

Here we present results on 2D electrophoresis gel image processing using methods that provide a measure of meaningfulness. This work is part of an ongoing project on biomedical image analysis. Biomedical sciences have a long tradition in our country and therefore there is extensive experience in this area. Unfortunately, economical restrictions sometimes do not allow our researchers to have the...

This research aims to create and analyze a comprehensive science question model (Science Kafah) enhance the quality of prospective teachers. The teachers refers their abilities in specific subject being taught. These encompass conceptual understanding, religious connections, application, meaningfulness. instrument consists Science Kafah questions with various developed models. analysis is condu...

Team Empowerment (Kirkman et al. 2004) [Cronbach α: .93; mean: 3.44; standard deviation: 0.36] (Potency) 1. Our team has confidence in itself. 1. My team believes that we can produce high quality work. 2. My team believes that we can be very productive. (Meaningfulness) 1. Our team cares about what it does. 2. Our team feels that its tasks are worthwhile. 3. My team feels that its work is meani...

Defining the specific role of the factors that affect metaphor processing is a fundamental step for fully understanding figurative language comprehension, either in discourse and conversation or in reading poems and novels. This study extends the currently available materials on everyday metaphorical expressions by providing the first dataset of metaphors extracted from literary texts and score...

In the modern marketplace, especially when unemployment is high, more and more Americans find themselves overqualified (i.e., possessing more competencies than the job requires). Using and extending person-environment fit theory and the stressor-emotion model of counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs), we examine whether overqualified employees are more likely to display CWBs than employees who...